面向新工科的高校創新型人才培養路徑探究

張望 白英 梁麗芳

摘? 要：“中國制造2025”、“一帶一路”等重大戰略的實施對工程人才提出了更高要求，因此迫切需要各高校加快新工科的建設與發展。面向新工科的高校創新型人才能力培養，關鍵在于解決傳統工科向新工科過渡所涉及的諸多問題。在實施過程中應當以創新型工程科技人才培養為宗旨，以認知能力、實踐能力、創新能力提升為核心，根據未來技術和經濟發展的新要求，構建具有本校特色和區域特點的人才培養模式和教學體系。

關鍵詞：新工科;人才培養;路徑探究;培養模式;教學體系

中圖分類號：C961 文獻標志碼：A 文章編號：2096-000X（2019）07-0004-04

Abstract： The implementation of major strategies such as "Made in China 2025" and "the Belt and Road" has put forward higher requirements for engineering talents， which increases the urgency for colleges and universities to speed up the development of the new engineering disciplines. With regard to the cultivation of innovative talents in colleges and universities， it is crucial that the various problems involving the transition from the conventional engineering to the new engineering cultivation system should be tackled. In order to achieve this aim， the cultivation of innovative engineering science and technology talents should be taken as the goal， and the improvement of their abilities in terms of cognition， practice， and innovation as the core. In addition， the characteristics of specific colleges and universities， as well as the regional features should be taken into account in accordance with the new requirements of technological and economic development， in order to develop the corresponding talent cultivation mode and teaching system.

Keywords： new engineering; talent cultivation; path exploration; cultivation mode; teaching system

引言

我國正處于新一輪科技革命和產業變革的重要歷史交匯期，對多元化創新型工程人才的培養提出了更高要求。各高校正緊抓契機加快傳統工科的改造升級，主動布局面向新工科的專業建設，服務于“中國制造2025”、“一帶一路”等重大戰略的實施[1]。新工科需要培養擁有扎實理論基礎和豐富實踐技能的復合型人才，不但應具備解決實際工程難題的能力，還應具備學習新知識、創造新方法、開辟新領域的能力。因此在新工科建設中要引進全新的教育理念，結合新經濟的特點和專業特色開展人才培養工作，重視強調科學與人文、個性與社會之間的和諧統一。根據創新型工科人才對工程素質的新要求，構建以工程創新能力為核心的培養模式。實現注入式教學向任務和項目驅動式教學的轉變，形成理論課程教學和工程實驗實踐結合的人才培養方案。……