童南都 馮曉東 操安喜 金永興



摘要:針對港作拖船在復雜水域作業時推進器極易遭遇雜物碰撞與吸附,損壞推進系統,影響推進效率等問題,設計一套類翼型截面式推進器防護格柵裝置。對不同的格柵環肋與來流方向的夾角(攻角)進行分析計算,將格柵對推進器效率的影響等效為推進器在流場中的總阻力變化,確定一組最合理的攻角,在提供最大防護性能的前提下,將格柵對推進效率的影響降到最低。結果表明,當內、外環肋攻角分別取6.5°、10°時,阻力增加率較小,流場變化平穩,符合設計指標要求,并能對推進器進行有效防護。
關鍵詞: 全回轉推進器; 防護格柵; 攻角; 阻力計算
中圖分類號: U661.43 ? ?文獻標志碼: A
Abstract: The port tug propeller working in complex waters is easy to encounter debris collision or adsorption so as to damage the propulsion system and affect the propulsion efficiency. For the above problem, a propeller protection gird is designed with wing-type section. The angles (attack angles) between different grid ring ribs and the incoming flow direction are analyzed and calculated, and the effect of the gird on the propeller efficiency is equivalent to the total resistance change of the propeller in the flow field. A set of the most reasonable attack angles is determined to minimize the effect of the grid on the propeller efficiency while providing maximum protection. The results show that when attack angles of inner and outer ring ribs take 6.5° and 10°, respectively, the resistance increase rate is small, and the flow field changes smoothly, which meets the requirements of the design index, and can effectively protect the propeller.
Key words: Z-propeller; protection grid; attack angle; resistance calculation
港作拖船的特點是其船身較小,而功率較大,具有較大的推(拖)力、良好的穩性和操作的靈活性。全回轉推進器(圖1)能很好地滿足港作拖船的操縱性能要求,在港作拖船上廣泛使用。然而,拖船在作業過程中由于港區作業水域清潔度不高,經常會遇到諸如塑料袋、編織袋等雜物,這些雜物極易被全回轉推進器吸入,輕則損壞螺旋槳葉片導流罩等零部件,重則導致推進器無法工作。
國內有關推進器防護裝置的相關文獻較少,主要還停留在直接對螺旋槳槳葉設計保護措施和航行技術的改善方面[1-2]。然而,針對船身小、功率大、作業環境復雜的港作拖船采用的全回轉推進器,不能僅僅直接對螺旋槳槳葉設計保護措施,還要針對復雜作業環境下可能出現的各類碰撞物沖擊配置安全防護裝置。……