安驥 何隨龍 王鑫 陳磊 李根 鄭洪



摘要:為觀察氣膜厚度對反氣泡穩定性的影響,通過加熱反氣泡內外溶液來加熱氣膜內氣體從而改變氣膜厚度。實驗發現:在一定溫度范圍內,加熱反氣泡氣膜可以延長其穩定時間,但是當加熱反氣泡氣膜使其厚度超過其穩定存在的閾值時,反氣泡的穩定性會急劇下降甚至無法產生反氣泡;在一定溫度范圍內溫度對溶液表面張力影響很小,這使得文中實驗數據合理化。本文為反氣泡穩定性的理論研究提供實驗支持,并考慮到氣膜厚度為微米級,可為微米級氣膜傳熱提供實驗素材。
關鍵詞: 反氣泡; 氣膜厚度; 穩定時間; 氣膜傳熱
中圖分類號: TH138 ? ?文獻標志碼: A
Abstract: In order to observe the influence of the thickness of the gas film on the antibubble stability, the gas inside the gas film is heated by heating the liquid inside and outside the antibubbles to change the gas film thickness. It is found that: heating the antibubble film can prolong its stability time in a certain temperature range, but when the thickness of the heated antibubble film exceeds the threshold of its stability, the stability of the antibubbles drops sharply, or even antibubbles cannot be generated; the temperature has little effect on the liquid surface tension in a certain temperature range, which makes the experimental data reasonable. This study can provide experimental support for the theoretical study of antibubble stability. For the thickness of the gas film of the antibubble is in micron grade, it can provide experimental material for the heat transfer of the micron grade gas film.
Key words: antibubble; thickness of gas film; lifetime; gas film heat transfer
反氣泡是產生于液體中的由一層氣膜包裹液珠的特殊球形結構。目前反氣泡在船舶與海洋工程中有較多的應用價值,如可為水下聲學探測[1]、海底可燃氣體捕集[2]、水下氣體輸運的泄漏探測[3]等方面的實際工程應用打下基礎。
1932年HUGHES等[4]發現了反氣泡的存在,但是長時間沒有引起研究人員的重視。1938年,VON RIEDEL[5]指出反氣泡外圍包裹著氣膜,但未提出反氣泡的概念。2003年,DORBOLO等[6]在洗滌皂溶液中制備出了反氣泡,運用高速相機記錄了反氣泡的產生和破滅過程,根據反氣泡的穩定現象指出了“臨界壓力”的存在,此后國際上掀起了反氣泡研究的浪潮。對反氣泡穩定性機理的研究一直是反氣泡研究的重點和難點,目前所采取的主要研究方法是研究反氣泡破裂的動態過程。……