中文版決策準備量表應用于視力障礙患者的信效度研究

萬君麗 卞薇 郭文梅

[摘要] 目的 翻譯及跨文化調試決策準備量表，檢驗中文版決策準備量表（PreDM）在視力障礙患者中應用的信度和效度。 方法 基于量表引進原則，經翻譯、回譯和跨文化調試形成中文版PreDM，采用便利抽樣法選擇2018年4～10月至陸軍軍醫大學第一附屬醫院眼科就診的105例視力障礙患者進行調查，對結果進行信度和效度分析。 結果 中文版PreDM內容效度為0.95，量表的重測信度為0.634，量表Cronbach′s α系數為0.965，探索性因子分析共提取1公因子，累計方差貢獻率為76.506%，驗證性因子分析顯示各個指標擬合良好。結論 中文版PreDM在視力障礙患者中具有較好的信效度，可用于評估視力障礙患者決策準備情況。

[關鍵詞] 視力障礙;決策準備;信度;效度

[中圖分類號] R395.6? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-7210（2020）03（c）-0049-04

[Abstract] Objective To translate and debug decision preparation scale cross the cultural， and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of preparation decision making scale （PreDM） among patients with visual disturbance. Methods Based on the scale introduction principles， a Chinese version of the PreDM was formed through translation， back translation and cross-cultural debugging. The convenience sampling method was used to select a total of 105 visually impaired patients who visited the Ophthalmology Department of the First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University from April to October 2018 were selected by the convenience sampling method. The reliability and validity of the results were investigated. Results The Chinese version of the PreDM had a content validity of 0.95， the retest reliability of the scale was 0.634， and the Cronbach′s α coefficient was 0.965. The exploratory factor analysis extracted a total of 1 common factor and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 76.506%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that each index was fitted well. Conclusion The Chinese version of PreDM has good reliability and validity in visually impaired patients， and can be used to evaluate decision-making readiness of visually impaired patients.

[Key words] Visual disturbance; Preparation decision making; Reliability; Validity

世界衛生組織（WHO）資料顯示[1]，眼科疾病已躍居成為繼腫瘤、心血管疾病后第三位危害及影響人們生存質量的疾病。目前，全球約有視力障礙患者3.14億[2]。隨著醫學領域的蓬勃發展，多元、新型醫療技術的不斷涌現，治療眼科疾患的手段也越來越豐富。患者視力狀況不但明顯改善，生存質量也顯著提高[3-4]。考慮到不同治療方案的利益與傷害比例未知，視力狀況、生存質量等多方面因素，患者選擇與自身病情相匹配的最為合適的治療方案難度較大。因此，目前亟需解決以下問題：①現階段擁有的輔助工具和材料能否有效幫助患者選擇適合自身的治療方案;②患者是否做好充足的決策準備;③醫護人員為患者提供針對性的決策指導和干預的依據為何？……