優質護理結合妊娠期糖尿病孕期體重指數管理對新生兒體重的影響

葉麗君 張雪芹 郭玉萍

[摘要] 目的 觀察分析優質護理結合妊娠期糖尿病孕期體重指數管理對新生兒體重的影響。方法 選取該院（在2019年3—9月）收治的240例妊娠期糖尿病孕產婦患者，按照數字隨機表法分為實驗組（120例，應用優質護理結合妊娠期糖尿病孕期體重指數管理方法）和對照組（120例，應用常規護理結合妊娠期糖尿病孕期體重指數管理方法）。采用統計學分析兩組妊娠期糖尿病孕產婦患者護理前后的平均空腹血糖水平、平均餐后2 h血糖水平、新生兒情況（巨大兒、畸形兒、低體重兒、早產兒以及新生兒窒息等）、妊娠結局（產后出血、剖宮產以及引導助產等）。 結果 兩組妊娠期糖尿病孕產婦患者護理前平均空腹血糖水平、平均餐后2 h血糖水平比較差異無統計學意義（P>0.05），實驗組妊娠期糖尿病孕產婦患者護理后平均空腹血糖水平、平均餐后2 h血糖水平顯著低于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）;實驗組巨大兒、畸形兒、低體重兒、早產兒以及新生兒窒息發生率顯著低于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05），實驗組妊娠期糖尿病孕產婦患者的產后出血、剖宮產以及引導助產等發生率顯著低于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。 結論 優質護理結合妊娠期糖尿病孕期體重指數管理能夠加強孕婦健康意識，從而有效控制新生兒體重，維持良好的母嬰結局。

[關鍵詞] 優質護理;妊娠期糖尿病;孕期體重指數管理;新生兒體重

[中圖分類號] R587.1? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1672-4062（2020）01（b）-0173-04

[Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of quality nursing combined with the management of body mass index during pregnancy on the weight of newborns. Methods A total of 240 pregnant women with gestational diabetes admitted to the hospital （March to September 2019） were enrolled in the experimental group according to the numerical random table method （120 cases， combined with quality nursing combined with gestational diabetes during pregnancy management method） and control group （120 cases， combined with routine nursing combined with gestational diabetes during pregnancy weight index management method）. Statistical analysis of the average fasting blood glucose level before and after treatment in pregnant women with gestational diabetes， average 2 h postprandial blood glucose levels， neonatal status （macro， deformed， low birth weight， premature infants， neonatal asphyxia， etc.） Pregnancy outcomes （postpartum hemorrhage， cesarean section， and guided midwifery， etc.）. Results There was no significant difference in the mean fasting blood glucose level and the average postprandial 2h blood glucose level between the two groups of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus （P>0.05）. The average fasting blood glucose level of the pregnant women in the experimental group during pregnancy was average. The blood glucose level at 2 hours after meal was significantly lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of asphyxia in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage， cesarean section and guided midwifery in pregnant women with diabetes was significantly lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Quality care combined with gestational diabetes during pregnancy can increase the health awareness of pregnant women， thus effectively controlling the weight of newborns and maintaining a good maternal and child outcome.

[Key words] Quality care; Gestational diabetes; Manage ment of body mass index during pregnancy; Neonatal weight

娠期糖尿病主要指的是妊娠期首次出現糖尿病，我國妊娠期糖尿病發生率為5%[1]。相關研究資料顯示，妊娠期糖尿病發生率呈現逐年上升發展趨勢，因此受到相關人士的高度關注。有資料顯示，約有75%左右的妊娠期糖尿病孕婦能夠僅通過改變飲食習慣和運動習慣等來控制血糖水平[2]。妊娠期糖尿病孕婦一旦未合理控制好血糖水平，勢必會顯著降低母嬰結局，對圍生兒和產婦的生命健康安全均造成重大負面影響。妊娠……