綜合醫院醫院感染管理監控指標調查分析

師進康

[摘要] 目的 分析不同規模醫院在不同感染監控指標下的感染情況及相應抗感染藥物使用情況。方法 該次研究以2019年1—12月間某地66所不同規模的綜合醫院為研究對象，了解不同規模醫院感染管理監控指標，并記錄所有醫院感染發病率、Ⅰ類切口手術部位感染率、住院患者抗菌藥物使用率及Ⅰ類切口手術抗菌藥物預防使用率。結果 該次研究選取的66所綜合醫院總計住院患者1 742 587例，其中感染病例數為31 366例，總感染發病率為（1.80%），分析各組感染發生率，醫院規模與感染發生率成正比關系，對比第1組與第4組感染發病率情況，前者明顯優于后者，數據差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）;該次研究選取的66所綜合醫院Ⅰ類切口手術部位總感染病例數為576例，總感染率為（0.27%），分析第1組與第4組Ⅰ類切口手術部位感染情況，前者明顯低于后者，兩組數據差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）;該次研究選取的66所綜合醫院住院患者抗菌藥物使用率為（52.56%），分析4組醫院住院患者抗菌藥物使用率，住院患者抗菌藥物使用率與醫院規模成反比關系;該次研究選取的66所綜合醫院Ⅰ類切口手術抗菌藥物預防使用率為（36.36%），分析4組醫院Ⅰ類切口手術抗菌藥物預防使用率，Ⅰ類切口手術抗菌藥物預防使用率與醫院規模成反比關系。結論 不同規模綜合醫院的醫院感染監控標準具有一定差異，其中規模較小的醫院感染管理還需要進一步完善，抗菌藥物預防使用率較高，需要規范這類藥物的使用。

[關鍵詞] 感染管理;監控指標;綜合醫院

[中圖分類號] R19 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654（2020）03（a）-0159-03

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the infection status of different scale hospitals under different infection monitoring indicators and the use of corresponding anti-infective drugs. Methods In this study， From January to December 2019， 66 general hospitals of different scales in a certain place were taken as the research object in this study to understand the infection management monitoring indicators of different specifications. The incidence of nosocomial infections， infection rates of type Ⅰ incision surgery sites， antibacterial use rate of hospitalized patients， and antibacterial use rate of type Ⅰ incision surgery were recorded. Results The total number of inpatients in 66 general hospitals selected in this study was 1，742，587， of which 31，366 cases were infected， and the total incidence of infection was（1.80%）. The incidence of infection in each group was analyzed. The size of the hospital was directly proportional to the incidence of infection. Comparing the incidence of infection in the first group and the fourth group， the former is significantly better than the latter， and the data are statistically significant （P<0.05）; the total number of cases of type Ⅰ incision surgery site infection in 66 general hospitals selected in this study was 576， and the total infection rate was （0.27%）. The first and fourth groups of type I incision surgery site infections were analyzed. The former was significantly lower than the latter. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）; The antibacterial use rate of inpatients in 66 general hospitals selected in this study （52.56%） was analyzed. The antibacterial use rate of inpatients in the four groups of hospitals was analyzed. The antibacterial use rate of inpatients was inversely proportional to the hospital size. The antibacterial use rate of type Ⅰ incision surgery in 66 general hospitals （36.36%） was analyzed. The antibacterial use rate of type Ⅰ incision surgery in four groups of hospitals was analyzed. The antibacterial use rate of surgery is inversely related to the size of the hospital. Conclusion There are some differences in the hospital infection monitoring standards for general hospitals of different scales. Among them， the management of hospital infections in smaller scales needs to be further improved， and the prevention and use rate of antibacterial drugs is high. The use of such drugs needs to be regulated.

[Key words] Infection management; Monitoring indicators; General hospitals

近年來臨床上介入性及創傷性診療技術廣泛運用于臨床手術治療中，使得抗菌藥物及免疫抑制劑臨床使用率逐漸上升，由此造成耐藥菌產生、新型傳染病出現等問題，也給醫院感染管理帶來更高的要求[1]。因此，需要重視醫院感染預測及控制管理[2]。醫院感染管理監控指標是醫院感染預防與控制的重要一環，能有效反映出醫院預防管理相關措施及情況[3]。該文分析不同規模醫院在不同感染監控指標下的感染情況及對應抗感染藥物使用情況，以2019年1—12月間某地66所不同規模的綜合醫院為研究對象，現報道如下。

1 ?資料與方法

1.1 ?一般資料

該次研究以某地66所不同規模的綜合醫院為研究對象，了解不同規模醫院感染管理監控指標。……