龔建國 涂清芳


摘要? ? 現階段人們生活水平不斷提高,對于食物的需求已經從解決日常溫飽問題向需要更加衛生、健康的食物過渡,我國對于農作物無公害栽培日益重視。本文在介紹滁菊特征特性的基礎上,總結了滁菊無公害栽培技術,包括無公害栽培要求、種苗繁育、大田準備、定植、田間管理、病蟲害防治及采收等方面內容,以期為滁菊無公害生產提供參考。
關鍵詞? ? 滁菊;無公害;栽培技術
中圖分類號? ? S682.11? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼? ? B
文章編號? ?1007-5739(2020)11-0095-02? ? ? ? ? 開放科學(資源服務)標識碼(OSID)
Pollution-free? Cultivation? Techniques? of? Chrysanthemum
GONG Jian-guo 1? ? TU Qing-fang 2
(1 Chuzhou Chuju Research Institute,Chuzhou Anhui 239000; 2 Chuzhou Vocational and Technical College)
Abstract? ? At the present stage,people′s living standard is constantly improving,and people′s demand for food has shifted from solving the daily food and clothing problem to requiring more hygienic and healthy food. Our country pays more and more attention to pollution-free cultivation of crops.Based on the introduction of the morphological characteristics of chrysanthemum,this paper summarized the pollution-free cultivation techniques of chrysanthemum,including the requirements of pollution-free cultivation,seedling breeding,field preparation,transplanting,field management,disease and insect pest control and harvesting,so as to provide references for pollution-free production of chrysanthemum.
Key words? ? chrysanthemum;pollution-free;cultivation technique
滁菊是菊科菊屬多年生宿根植物,主要產于安徽滁州,是菊花中花瓣最為緊密的一種。因產于定遠池河一帶,故又有“池菊”“池茶菊”之稱。滁菊性溫和,氣味清香,可入藥,是我國四大名菊(滁菊、杭菊、河南懷菊、安徽亳菊)之一、安徽省四大著名道地藥材之一,既可作為花卉觀賞,又可作清涼飲料。滁菊具有消熱解毒、舒筋活血、護肝明目、增強人體免疫功能等作用,對高血壓、冠心病、動脈硬化等療效顯著。《本草綱目》記載:“滁州菊,單瓣色白,味甘為上”。在北宋年間,人們就開始用滁菊做糕點食用、泡滁菊酒解毒祛火,每逢親友聚會,經常用滁菊款待和饋贈,滁州太守王禹偁在《甘菊冷淘》中對滁菊進行描述“經年厭梁肉,頗覺道乏渾。孟春奉齋戒,敕廚唯素餐”;歐陽修也鼓勵農戶種植滁菊,以此代替賦稅。清朝光緒元年,滁菊被朝廷納為貢品,故有“滁州貢菊”之稱。近年研究發現,滁菊對SARS病毒、癌癥(尤其是肝癌)等有良好的預防作用,對糖尿病有明顯的治療作用。……