劉利林 張蘇江 許貴善 郭雪峰
摘要? ? 青貯飼料制作與品質評價實驗是動物科學專業飼料學課程的核心內容,但是原有教學模式存在易受時間限制、成本高、效率低、缺乏系統完整性和教學效果差的弊端。為了克服原有教學模式的弊端、改善教學方法、提高教學效果,本文提出對青貯飼料制作及品質評價的實驗進行改革與實踐。結果發現,青貯飼料制作及品質評價實驗微型化,優化了教學方法,保證了這一核心內容的完整性,激發了學生的學習興趣,促進了理論和實踐的緊密聯系,大大提高了教學效果,值得將這一模式大范圍推廣。
關鍵詞? ? 青貯飼料;實驗;改革;實踐
中圖分類號? ? G642? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼? ? A
文章編號? ?1007-5739(2020)11-0261-02? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?開放科學(資源服務)標識碼(OSID)
Reform? and? Practice? of? Silage? Production? and? Quality? Evaluation? Experiment? in? Feed? Science
LIU Li-lin 1,2? ? ZHANG Su-jiang 1,2? ? XU Gui-shan 1,2? ? GUO Xue-feng 1,2
(1 College of Animal Science,Tarim University,Alaer Xinjiang 843300; 2 Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Xinjiang Production and Construction Group)
Abstract? ? Silage production and quality evaluation experiments are the core content of the feed science course? for animal science majors,but the original teaching model has the disadvantages of susceptibility to time constraints,high cost,low efficiency,lack of system integrity and poor teaching results.In order to overcome the shortcomings of the original teaching model,improve the teaching methods,and improve the teaching effect,this paper proposed to reform and practice the experiment of silage production and quality evaluation. It was found that the miniaturization of silage production and quality evaluation experiments optimized the teaching method,ensured the integrity of this core content,stimulated students′ interest in learning,promoted the close connection between theory and practice,and greatly improved the teaching effect. It is worth popularizing this model on a large scale.
Key words? ? silage;experiment;reform;practice
1? ? 實驗改革意義
青貯飼料是發展草食家畜養殖業,尤其是奶牛養殖業必需且重要的物質基礎[1],是反芻動物的優質飼料來源[2-3]。養殖業對青貯飼料的需求量非常大,我國青貯飼料的年產量在 1.6億t左右,但目前國內養殖行業缺口仍較大。飼料學是動物科學專業的一門重要專業基礎課[4],青貯飼料制作及品質評價實驗是飼料學教學的重點工作項目[5],青貯飼料制作是動物科學專業學生的重點學習內容和必須掌握的技能[6]。開展青貯飼料制作及品質評價實驗既豐富和充實了飼料學課程的教學內容[4],又培養了學生動手能力,使學生掌握青貯飼料的制作技能[7]。在畜牧業生產中,青貯飼料制作和推廣方面的人才比較缺乏[8]。……