趙蕊 王怡針 蘇港 葛均筑 臧鳳艷 李子芳 王金龍 吳錫冬

摘要 ? ?本試驗研究了紫花苜蓿還田條件下不同施氮量和肥料種類對玉米生物量及氮素吸收的影響。結(jié)果表明,施氮量對玉米葉片氮含量影響顯著,肥料種類對玉米葉片氮含量和葉片氮吸收量影響顯著,但對于其他觀測指標(biāo)則影響不顯著。施用炭基肥條件下,籽粒生物量與葉片生物量成正相關(guān),與籽粒氮含量成負(fù)相關(guān),與莖稈氮含量成負(fù)相關(guān)。施用化肥條件下,籽粒生物量與籽粒氮含量成負(fù)相關(guān)。研究結(jié)果為紫花苜蓿用作旱田綠肥提供了數(shù)據(jù)參考。
關(guān)鍵詞 ? ?紫花苜蓿還田;施氮量;炭基肥;綠肥;玉米;生物量
中圖分類號 ? ?S365;S513 ? ? ? ?文獻標(biāo)識碼 ? ?A
文章編號 ? 1007-5739(2020)12-0001-02 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 開放科學(xué)(資源服務(wù))標(biāo)識碼(OSID)
Effects ?of ?Nitrogen ?Application ?Amounts ?and ?Fertilizer ?Types ?on ?Maize ?Biomass ?and ?Nitrogen ?Absorbability ?Under ?the ?Condition ?of ?Returning ?Alfalfa ?to ?Field
ZHAO Rui ? ?WANG Yi-zhen ? ?SU Gang ? ?GE Jun-zhu ? ?ZANG Feng-yan ? ?LI Zi-fang ? ?WANG Jin-long ? ?WU Xi-dong *
(College of Agronomy & Resources and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384)
Abstract ? ?The effects of nitrogen application amounts and fertilizer types on maize biomass and nitrogen absorbability under the condition of returning alfalfa to field were studied in this paper. The results indicated that nitrogen application amount significantly influenced leaf nitrogen content, fertilizer type significantly influenced leaf nitrogen content and leaf nitrogen uptake, however, these two factors had no significant effects on other characteristics. After the application of biochar-based fertilizer, seed biomass was positively related with leaf biomass but negatively related with seed or shoot nitrogen content. While with the application of chemical fertilizer, there was negative relationship between seed biomass and seed nitrogen content. This study could provide experimental data reference for the use of returning alfalfa to dryland field.
Key words ? ?returning alfalfa to field; nitrogen application amount; biochar-based fertilizer; green manure; maize; biomass
化肥在促進糧食增產(chǎn)和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了不可替代的作用,但長期過量施用化肥,會造成土壤養(yǎng)分結(jié)構(gòu)失調(diào)、耕地退化和環(huán)境污染等問題。綠肥是一種養(yǎng)分完全的優(yōu)質(zhì)生物肥源,在提供農(nóng)作物所需養(yǎng)分、改良土壤、改善農(nóng)田生態(tài)環(huán)境等方面均有良好的作用[1]。紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)為多年生豆科草本植物,草質(zhì)優(yōu)良,營養(yǎng)豐富,也是一種古老的栽培綠肥作物,主要用作輪作倒茬養(yǎng)地。目前,關(guān)于紫花苜蓿作為綠肥還田的研究多見于南方水稻田[2],而在天津玉米田這方面的研究還不多見。
因此,本試驗以紫花苜蓿作為綠肥材料,研究紫花苜蓿還田條件下不同施氮量和肥料種類(化肥和炭基肥)對玉米生物量及氮素吸收的影響,旨在為紫花苜蓿用于天津旱田綠肥提供數(shù)據(jù)參考,為天津及周邊地區(qū)化肥減施替代技術(shù)發(fā)展提供支撐?!?br>