平陽縣市售水生蔬菜中砷和汞含量的測定

方曉麗 夏坪 林思忍 黃會秋

摘要 ? ?為了建立電感耦合等離子體法測定水生蔬菜中砷、汞的方法，了解平陽縣市售茭白、蓮藕、菱角和荸薺中砷、汞污染情況，運用電感耦合等離子體質譜在線內標法測試砷、汞標準曲線，并對實際樣本做加標回收試驗，采集平陽縣15個鄉鎮農貿市場及部分超市中的茭白、蓮藕、菱角、荸薺4種水生蔬菜共計241個樣本，對砷、汞含量進行檢測。結果表明，砷、汞的標準曲線線性相關系數R≥0.999 6，加標回收率分別為83.4%～103.5%、83.2%～111.3%，所有樣本中砷、汞含量均未超出標準限量值，平陽縣市售水生蔬菜未遭受砷、汞污染。電感耦合等離子體質譜法檢測水生蔬菜中的砷、汞含量，具有耗時短和靈敏度高的優點，能夠提高檢測效率。

關鍵詞 ? ?電感耦合等離子體質譜法;水生蔬菜;砷;汞;浙江平陽

中圖分類號 ? ?X835 ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼 ? ?A

文章編號 ? 1007-5739（2020）12-0228-03 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）

Determination ?of ?Arsenic ?and ?Mercury ?Content ?in ?Aquatic ?Vegetables ?Sold ?in ?Pingyang ?County

FANG Xiao-li ? ?XIA Ping ? ?LIN Si-ren ? ?HUANG Hui-qiu

（Pingyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention， Pingyang Zhejiang 325400）

Abstract ? ?In order to establish an ICP-MS method for the determination of arsenic and mercury content in aquatic vegetables， understand the pollution of arsenic and mercury in water bamboo shoots， lotus root， water caltrop and water chestnut in Pingyang County. The standard curves of arsenic and mercury were developed by on line internal standard method of ICP-MS， a total of 241 samples of water bamboo shoots， lotus root， water caltrop and water chestnut from 15 farmers′ markets and some supermarkets in Pingyang County were collected to test the contents of arsenic and mercury. The results showed that the linear correlation coefficient of the standard curve of arsenic and mercury was R≥0.999 6， and the standard recovery rates were respectively 83.4%-103.5% and 83.2%-111.3%， the content of arsenic and mercury in all samples didn′t exceed the standard limit value， the aquatic vegetables in Pingyang County were not contaminated with arsenic or mercury. The ICP-MS method for the detection of arsenic and mercury content in aquatic vegetables has the advantages of short time and high sensitivity， and it can improve the detection efficiency.

Key words ? ?ICP-MS method; acquatic vegetable; arsenic; mercury; Pingyang Zhejiang

水生蔬菜普遍具有清熱敗火的功效[1]，符合當前社會注重保健的飲食理念，食用人群眾多，在國民蔬菜消費中占有相當的比例，全國種植面積較廣。隨著工業經濟的發展和農藥、化肥等農業投入品的濫用，水生蔬菜賴以生長的環境遭受污染，其中被污染水體中重金屬污染的情況更是不容樂觀[2]，尤以砷和汞有毒元素為甚。砷、汞經水生蔬菜富集后，會對食用者的身體健康產生不利影響[3-4]。平陽縣人們素有食用水生蔬菜的習慣，茭白、蓮藕、菱角和荸薺等是平陽市場常見的水生蔬菜。因此，調查平陽市場水生蔬菜中的砷、汞含量并提出應對措施和建議，對政府相關部門科學決策、保障人民群眾“菜籃子”安全具有重要意義。……