李曉文 田乙慧 張?zhí)熘?/p>



摘要 ? ?基于可視化云分析法,對長春市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村發(fā)展相關(guān)的83份政策、規(guī)劃文件中的關(guān)鍵詞進行詞頻統(tǒng)計,排在前5位的熱詞分別為“科技”“文化”“制度”“加工”和“資金”。農(nóng)業(yè)政策的發(fā)布和實施明顯促進了長春市農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展,加快了新農(nóng)村建設步伐,但還存在鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展動力不足、農(nóng)民增收困難等問題。建議結(jié)合鄉(xiāng)村自身優(yōu)勢和特點,抓住政策紅利,尋找長春市鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展的內(nèi)生動力源,拓寬農(nóng)民增收渠道。
關(guān)鍵詞 ? ?農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村發(fā)展;可視化分析;政策演變;吉林長春
中圖分類號 ? ?F323 ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼 ? ?A
文章編號 ? 1007-5739(2020)12-0240-04 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 開放科學(資源服務)標識碼(OSID)
Impact ?and ?Evaluation ?of ?Policies ?on ?Agricultural ?and ?Rural ?Development ?in ?Changchun ?City
LI Xiao-wen 1 ? ?TIAN Yi-hui 1 ? ?ZHANG Tian-zhu 1,2 *
(1 Institute of Agricultural Planning Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083; 2 College of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University)
Abstract ? ?Based on the visualization cloud method, the key words in 83 policies and planning documents related to agricultural and rural development in Changchun City were counted. The top five hot words were science and technology, culture, regulation, processing and funds. The promu-lgation and implementation of agricultural policies had obviously promoted the development of agricultural modernization in Changchun City and accelerated the pace of new rural construction. However, there were still problems such as insufficient rural development power and difficulties for farmers to increase their income. It was recommended to combine the advantages and characteristics of the village itself, seize the policy dividend, look for the endogenous power source of rural development in Changchun City, and broaden the channels for farmers to increase income.
Key words ? ?agricultural and rural development;visual analysis;policy evolution;Changchun Jilin
改革開放以來,在一系列農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村相關(guān)政策指導和推動下,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、農(nóng)村面貌、農(nóng)民收入都發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化,“三農(nóng)”發(fā)展取得可喜成績。國內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村相關(guān)政策演變大致分4個歷程。一是家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)責任承包階段(1982—1984年)。建立了以家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責任制為主要形式的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式,開啟了以公有制為主體的多種經(jīng)濟成分并存的發(fā)展格局[1]。二是農(nóng)業(yè)市場化和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)發(fā)展階段(1985—1998年)。開始將市場機制引入到農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中,鼓勵農(nóng)民從事工商業(yè)等非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)活動和發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè),農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)、農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)趨于多元化,鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)也得到蓬勃發(fā)展。三是農(nóng)村改革深化期(1999—2016年)。包括全面取消農(nóng)業(yè)稅,穩(wěn)定土地承包關(guān)系,建立新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險,建設社會主義新農(nóng)村等政策[2],保護農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、支持農(nóng)民增收、減輕農(nóng)民負擔和促進農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展。……