葛艷 唐扣明 常偉



摘 要 目的:了解糖尿病伴發尿路感染尿培養檢出細菌類別,分析抗菌藥物使用合理性。方法:收集2018年1月—2019年10月中山醫院青浦分院內分泌科收治的糖尿病伴發尿路感染者381例,采用回顧性分析方法對尿培養情況及藥敏結果進行分析,同時對抗菌藥物使用情況進行整理分析。結果:檢出121株陽性細菌,主要為大腸埃希菌、屎腸球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、嗜麥芽窄食單胞菌、糞腸球菌,各種細菌對抗菌藥物不同程度耐藥。抗菌藥物使用種類以喹諾酮類居首,其次是三代頭孢與b內酰胺酶抑制劑復合制劑,聯合用藥多為b內酰胺酶抑制劑復合制劑+喹諾酮,抗菌藥物使用能覆蓋主要檢出病原菌,但檢出菌對抗菌藥物使用均有一定程度的耐藥情況。結論:糖尿病伴發尿路感染病原菌構成多樣,對醫院抗菌藥物耐藥,喹諾酮類經驗用藥需謹慎,應盡可能根據藥敏結果使用抗菌藥物。
關鍵詞 糖尿病;尿路感染;耐藥性;合理用藥
中圖分類號:R95 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:1006-1533(2021)02-0024-04
*基金項目:上海市藥學會2019醫院藥學科研基金——正大天晴專項(2019-YY-13)
Analysis of bacterial resistance in diabetes complicated with urinary tract infection and rational use of antimicrobial application
GE Yan1, TANG Kouming2, CHANG Wei2(1. Department of General Medicine of Maqiao Community Health Service Center of Minhang District, Shanghai 201111, China; 2. Department of Pharmacy of Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the types of bacteria detected in urine culture of diabetic patients with urinary tract infection and analyze the rationality of the use of antibiotics. Methods: Three hundred and eighty-one diabetic patients complicated with urinary tract infection admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital from January 2018 to October 2019 were collected, the retrospective analysis method was used to analyze urine culture and drug sensitivity results, and at the same time, the use of antibacterial drugs was sorted and analyzed. Results: One hundred and twenty-one strains of positive bacteria were detected, mainly Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptomonas maltophilia, and Enterococcus faecalis, and all kinds of bacteria were resistant to antimicrobial drugs to varying degrees. The use of antibacterial drugs was led by quinolones, followed by the combination of third-generation cephalosporins and lactamase inhibitors. The combination medication was mostly lactamase inhibitor compound preparation + quinolone, the use of antibacterial drugs could cover the main detected pathogens, but the detected bacteria had a certain degree of resistance to the use of antibacterial drugs. Conclusion: The pathogenic bacteria of diabetes mellitus associated with urinary tract infection are diverse, which are resistant to hospital antibacterial drugs, and the empirical use of quinolones should be cautious, and antibacterial drugs should be used as far as possible based on the results of drug sensitivity.

臨床泌尿系統感染仍然經驗使用抗菌藥物,以喹諾酮類為主,建議在臨床藥師和醫院管理層的政策干預下,限制喹諾酮類藥物使用,經驗使用覆蓋致病菌的三代頭孢類、b內酰胺酶抑制劑復合制劑,必要時根據藥敏結果調整治療方案。
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