【摘要】知識(shí)零散、效率不高等問題常見于傳統(tǒng)的初中英語復(fù)習(xí)課。運(yùn)用話題導(dǎo)向復(fù)習(xí)模式,有利于發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體作用位,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生在課堂活動(dòng)中的參與度,提升其對(duì)初中英語知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用能力,提高初中英語復(fù)習(xí)成效。
【關(guān)鍵詞】話題導(dǎo)向復(fù)習(xí)模式;初中英語
【作者簡(jiǎn)介】盧虹榮(1989.08-),女,漢族,漳州人,漳州市第三中學(xué),中學(xué)二級(jí),碩士,研究方向:英語教學(xué)。
在傳統(tǒng)的初中英語復(fù)習(xí)課中,學(xué)生往往以被動(dòng)聽講為主,學(xué)習(xí)主動(dòng)性不高,學(xué)習(xí)效率低下。運(yùn)用話題導(dǎo)向復(fù)習(xí)模式,便于學(xué)生分類記憶詞匯、積累句型和訓(xùn)練話題寫作能力,可以使知識(shí)體系完整、層級(jí)銜接順暢,特別適用于英語中考復(fù)習(xí)階段。教師需依據(jù)課標(biāo)整合話題,在話題中融入相應(yīng)的知識(shí)點(diǎn),創(chuàng)設(shè)教學(xué)情境,激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)話題復(fù)習(xí)的熱情,與學(xué)生展開詞匯、句式結(jié)構(gòu)和語法等多方面的交流,實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)習(xí)的高質(zhì)高效。下面筆者將運(yùn)用話題導(dǎo)向復(fù)習(xí)模式,展開一節(jié)以“Wildlife and Environment”為話題的復(fù)習(xí)課。
依據(jù)課標(biāo),仁愛版初中英語教材七年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit4 Topic 3和九年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit 2可整合為話題“Wildlife and Environment”。該話題主要包括以下子話題:野生動(dòng)物、環(huán)境、野生動(dòng)物困境與環(huán)境問題、解決野生動(dòng)物困境和環(huán)境問題。備課中,筆者先梳理該話題中的重難點(diǎn)知識(shí),再基于學(xué)情,整體設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。課前,筆者引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回歸教材中該話題下的相關(guān)課文,梳理話題單詞、短語及句式結(jié)構(gòu)等,并在下列橫線上補(bǔ)充盡可能多的相關(guān)知識(shí)。
(1)有關(guān)野生動(dòng)物的單詞:elephant、 giraffe _______________________________________
(2)有關(guān)環(huán)境的單詞:environment、air、water _____________________________________
(3)有關(guān)野生動(dòng)物困境和環(huán)境問題的表達(dá):air pollution、litter、cut down trees? _____________
(4)解決野生動(dòng)物困境和環(huán)境問題的表達(dá):make laws、sort rubbish、save trees_____________
課前,學(xué)生自主復(fù)習(xí)該話題相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn),初步嘗試將同一話題下的詞匯等語言表達(dá)串聯(lián)起來,有助于提高話題導(dǎo)向下復(fù)習(xí)課教學(xué)實(shí)踐的有效性。
Step I? Lead-in
First, ask students to name as many wild animals as possible. (請(qǐng)學(xué)生列舉出盡可能多的野生動(dòng)物)
Then ask students to look at pictures and fill in the blanks.(請(qǐng)學(xué)生看圖完成下列句子)
We should live in harmony with wildlife, such as _____________
. But because of human, many wild animals are _____________.(答案:snakes/monkeys, in danger)
After that, tell students that they are going to write an initiative mainly by using what they review in today's lesson.? ? ?(告知學(xué)生話題寫作任務(wù):寫一封倡議書)
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:在導(dǎo)入環(huán)節(jié),讓學(xué)生通過列舉野生動(dòng)物,從而強(qiáng)化相關(guān)詞匯。筆者借助圖片創(chuàng)設(shè)教學(xué)情境,初步引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注野生動(dòng)物困境與環(huán)境問題,且告知學(xué)生需通過復(fù)習(xí)收集有關(guān)野生動(dòng)物困境和環(huán)境問題以及相應(yīng)解決措施的寫作素材,從而完成話題寫作任務(wù)——倡議書。
Step II? Presentation & Practice
Activity 1? Let's find problems.
Task 1:? Listen and fill in the blanks.
A giraffe says, “People have __________ down too many _____________, so I don't have enough leaves to eat.”
A whale says, “Human___________the____________ , so I don't live happily.”
Antelopes say, “We are being _____________ for the wool. Our fur is being used to make _____________.”
Task 2:? ?List the environmental problems.
Ask students to look at pictures and list environmental problems.(請(qǐng)學(xué)生看圖并列舉環(huán)境問題)
Task 3:? Read the passage and write down the causes of pollution.? (文章改編自仁愛版初中英語教材九年級(jí)上冊(cè) Unit 2 Topic 1 Section D課文)
(1)cause of water pollution:____________
(2)causes of soil pollution:_____________
(3)cause of noise pollution:____________
(4)cause of light pollution:_____________
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過圍繞本話題的聽、說、讀訓(xùn)練,引導(dǎo)各層次能力水平的學(xué)生增強(qiáng)英語知識(shí),并了解產(chǎn)生動(dòng)物困境和環(huán)境問題的原因,為后續(xù)的話題寫作活動(dòng)奠定基礎(chǔ)。這樣的話題導(dǎo)向復(fù)習(xí)模式既能落實(shí)學(xué)生的語言知識(shí),又能通過聽說讀寫任務(wù)發(fā)展學(xué)生的語言能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的情感態(tài)度和學(xué)習(xí)策略。
Activity 2? Let's solve problems.
Task 1:? Watch a video and write down measures.
Ask students to watch a video and write down measures.? ?(請(qǐng)學(xué)生看視頻并寫下措施)
Check the answers by watching the video again and then ask students to use different sentence structures to rewrite the given sentences.(通過再次看視頻核對(duì)答案,并請(qǐng)學(xué)生使用不同的句式改寫所給句子)
(This is one of the given sentences.) We should reuse and save water because water is useful.
改寫為:We ought to reuse and save water because water is useful.
It's necessary for us to reuse and save water because water is useful.
It's our duty to reuse and save water because water is useful.
Task 2:? Make sentences.
Ask students to look at pictures and given words, and then make sentences.(請(qǐng)學(xué)生看圖寫話)
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:多種形式的教學(xué)活動(dòng)有助于學(xué)生積累與鞏固典型句子、功能句式與基本語法等,著重訓(xùn)練學(xué)生提煉寫作素材。
Step III? Production
Give students 6 minutes to finish the article. Later, share and comment on students' articles.
Initiative
Dear friends,
I am writing this initiative to call on everyone to protect wildlife and the environment.
Many wild animals are in danger. For example, ______________________________________________________________________________________.
Besides, the environment is destroyed. For instance, _______________________________________________________________________________. We should take measures to protect them, or we'll be punished and lose our home. _______________________________________________________________________________
以下為一位學(xué)生分享的有關(guān)解決措施的寫作片段:
First, we ought not to cut down too many trees because trees help keep the air clean. Second, it's our duty to reuse and save water because water is useful. Third, we should stop factories from pouring waste water into rivers. Last but not least, it's necessary for us to reuse paper bags and glass bottles.
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:在學(xué)生整體感知和積累話題詞匯、句型、語法和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)等知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行話題寫作。設(shè)計(jì)的課堂任務(wù)有序推進(jìn),難度逐漸提高,由詞塊到句式到篇章,最后通過話題寫作訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力。
總之,開展話題導(dǎo)向下的初中英語復(fù)習(xí)課,教師應(yīng)根據(jù)課標(biāo)把握英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)的關(guān)聯(lián)性,圍繞話題恰當(dāng)?shù)剡M(jìn)行整合,整體設(shè)計(jì)聽力訓(xùn)練、看圖寫話、情景交際、閱讀理解與短文寫作等,將同一話題下的單詞、短語及句式等有效融合。依托話題復(fù)習(xí),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成語言知識(shí)梳理與語言技能訓(xùn)練、形成牢固的知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò),從而取得良好的復(fù)習(xí)效果。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1]林筠.基于課標(biāo)話題的初中英語復(fù)習(xí)課教學(xué)模式的實(shí)踐與研究[J].考試與評(píng)價(jià),2019(3):84-85.
[2]蘭曉玲.初中英語話題復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)探究[D].西南大學(xué),2020.