中圖分類號:O344;TU443 國標學科代碼:13015 文獻標志碼:A
Abstract:To exploring the dynamic response characteristics of the shed-tunnel structureunder multiple rockfal impacts,an FEM-SPH coupled numerical model is established based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA and is also tested with the data before.Then, the model iscombined with the fullrestart technique tostudythe efectsofthe shed-tunnel structuredynamicresponseunder multiplerockfallimpactsbonsideringfouractors,e.g.ockfallimpactvelocityockfallmassimpactangleadckll shape.Theresultsshowthatthe impact force,bufer topimpact displacement,roof displacement and plasticstrainoftheshedtunnel are positivelycorelated withtherockfall mass,velocityandangle.The impact force,roofdisplacement and plastic strainoftheshed-tunnelstructuregeneratedbythecuboidrockfallimpactarealllargerthanthoseoftesphericalrockfall,and theimpact displacement generatedbythesphericalrockfallimpactislarger thanthatofthecuboid.Forthecuboidrockfal,the impactdisplacement,roof displacementandplastic strainare negativelycorelated withthecontactarea.Under the multiple rockfall impacts,the peak impact force usually increases firstly and then tends to be stable.
Keywords:shed-tunnelstructure;dynamicresponse; theFEM-SPHcoupled numericalmodel;impactforce; multiplerockfals崩塌落石發生的高頻性及運動特征的強隨機性,導致對其發生時間、運動路徑及造成危害等方面的準確預測十分困難[1-2]。為此,實際工程中多采用攔石墻、柔性防護網、棚洞等被動防護結構對山區公路、建筑物等進行防護。其中由于棚洞結構可最大限度地適應原始地形,減少對山體和植被的破壞,因而在實際工程中得到了廣泛應用[3]。為此,落石沖擊下棚洞結構的動力響應研究引起了學者的廣泛關注。概括而言,目前研究主要集中在以下3個方面:落石沖擊力計算方法、落石沖擊力影響因素和棚洞結構的動態響應及破壞機理。
在落石沖擊力計算理論方面,最早是由Hertz4基于彈性接觸理論提出了兩球體對心碰撞時的接觸壓力,而后很多學者在此基礎上進行了一系列的研究。何思明等[5]將構筑物視為理想彈塑性體,通過對經典的Hertz接觸理論[4]進行修正,提出了考慮材料彈塑性變形的大塊石沖擊力計算方法;陳穎騏等[6]基于經典的Hertz接觸理論[4和 Thomton彈塑性假設[,考慮攔石墻的相關因素,提出了相應的落石沖擊力計算方法,并用于錨索抗滑樁沖擊力計算。Zheng等[8通過考慮層狀復合板的塑性變形及沖擊損傷效應,基于經典的Hertz接觸理論[4及永久壓痕理論,提出了相應的沖擊力計算方法。陳泰江等將落石簡化為剛體,基于Hertz 接觸理論[4,考慮棚洞結構的非彈性變形,采用函數擬合法得到了落石法向沖擊力理論計算公式。……