〔關鍵詞〕 高中英語;任務型教學法;閱讀教學;應用
〔中圖分類號〕 G633.41〔文獻標識碼〕 B
〔文章編號〕 1004—0463(2010)01(B)—0028—02
在高中英語閱讀教學中采用任務型教學法能使學生始終處于一種積極主動的學習狀態,可以增強學生的英語學習興趣,開發學生的閱讀潛能,提高學生運用英語的綜合能力。
一、具體形式
1.信息配對型:這種題目要求學生通過閱讀材料,根據所給題干進行信息配對。此類題型難度不大,主要考查學生對語篇的概括能力。
2.回答問題型:此類題型考查學生對文章的理解能力和對語言的組織能力,要求學生通過對文章的理解,用簡潔的語言對所提問題進行回答。此類題型是近年來各省市高考題的熱點題型之一,也是學生失分較多的題型之一,要求學生有較扎實的英語基礎和較強的綜合運用英語的能力。
3.判斷正誤型:這類題型是根據文章內容對所給句子判斷正誤,考查學生的理解、分析和判斷能力。這類題型的題干與原文差別很小,如不細心或理解稍有偏頗就會判斷錯誤。
4.閱讀填空型:這類題目要求學生通過閱讀材料獲取相關信息,然后在空格處填寫單詞或短語。所填的單詞或短語往往具有很高的概括性和準確性。
5.閱讀選擇型:這類選擇題和四選一的題目相同,做題時可以抓住關鍵詞,由易到難,逐項排除,最后確定答案。
6.單詞理解型:這類題目要求學生通過對閱讀材料的理解,根據上下文猜測文中某些關鍵詞的詞義,并從選項中選出該詞的準確釋義或選出與該詞意思相同的詞。這種選擇題要求學生必須把握文章主線,領會閱讀材料的深層含義。
7.句子理解型:這種題目要求學生在閱讀材料的基礎上,根據命題要求改寫文中畫線的句子,或將文中的某一個句子譯成英語等。
8.閱讀排序型:可以是給段落排序,也可以是給插圖排序。這種題目要求學生充分理解所讀材料,能在內心勾畫出事情的發展順序。
9.文章再現型:這類題型要求學生通過引用一些關鍵詞句概括文章的主旨要義,以增強學生對文章內容的整體把握。學生也可以通過講故事的方式再現文章的脈絡線索。
二、教學示例
下面結合人教版高一英語Unit11 The sounds of the world的教學實踐談談如何在高中英語閱讀教學中實施任務型教學法。
(一)閱讀前任務
用多媒體播放不同類型的音樂供學生欣賞,從音、畫等角度吸引學生的注意,并有針對性地提問,讓學生積極參與到討論中,為上新課奠定基礎。
1.Do you like listening to music?How does music make you feel?
2.What kind of music do you like better?
3.Do you know some of the famous music styles in the world?
(二)閱讀中任務
1.速讀:讓學生在規定的時間內讀完課文,并完成所給任務。制作的PPT課件可以讓學生及時核對答案,這樣,學生不僅完成了任務,而且不會感到枯燥乏味。
Task 1:Read and match(信息配對)
AB
Blues Combine parts of other styles to
create music.
Hip-hop The singer speak the words along
with the beat.
Rap Use traditional styles from Latin
America.
Latin music A way for people to show who they
are and what is in their heart.
Task 2:Read and answer(回答問題)
(1)How many music styles are mentioned in the passage? What are they?
(2)What is the general idea of this passage?
Task 3:True or 1 (判斷正誤)
(1)There are only a few styles of music in the world.
(2)Blues is a new style of music.
(3)Hip-hop and rap are completely different from blues and rock.
2.精讀:為了幫助學生了解更多的音樂方面的信息,教師可以通過課文細節設計不同形式的任務,使學生在掌握文章大意的基礎上,進一步加深對課文細節的理解。
Task 1: Choose the best answer(閱讀選擇)
(1)Which of the following kinds of music is not mentioned in the passage?
A. African musicB. American music
C. Chinese music D. Latin music
(2)All the following musical styles belong to American music except _____.
A. hip-hop B. jazz
C. Latin music D. rap
(3)What does jazz have in common with rock music?
A. They come from blues music.
B. They have a long history.
C. The singers sing along with the beat.
D. They combine parts of other styles.
Task 2: Rearrange the order(閱讀排序)
(1)The African songs met American music.
(2)African people are used to sing songs when they worked.
(3)The blues has been part of African-American culture.
(4)African slaves were brought to the US.
Task 3: Fill in the blanks(閱讀填空)
(1)Differences
①Blues music: It has a long _____. It comes from _____that people used to _____.
②Hip-hop: It often _____ parts of other styles to _____ music.
③Rap music: The singer or “_____” will speak or “_____” the words.
④Latin music: Latin music is using _____ styles from _____.
(2)Similarities
①They are important parts of _____.
②Other musical styles, like jazz and rock,come from _____.
③The blues music comes from _____.
④They have their own _____.
Task 4: Sentence comprehension(句子理解)
The blues comes from African songs. The African songs met American music when African slaves were brought to the US. (改寫為定語從句)
Task 5: Word understanding(單詞理解)
What does “It” refer to in paragraph four?
A. hip-hopB. blues
C. Latin music D. Rap
Task 6: Text regaining (文章再現)
Read the text and rewrite the passage in brief, using key words and sentences.
(三)閱讀后任務
通過前面幾個環節的教學,學生對課文已經有了全面的理解,為了讓他們靈活地運用所掌握的知識,教師可以要求他們對以下的話題進行思考:
1.Is music a universal language?
2.Can you enjoy music from other parts of the world even if you don’t understand the words?
3.Are there any other universal language? What about dancing, painting and photographs?
實踐證明,任務型教學法在高中英語閱讀教學中的效果很好。但英語教學中不存在能解決一切問題的萬能教學方法,教師還要結合實際情況進行英語閱讀教學,從而提高英語閱讀教學的效率。