并列句與主從復合句

一、考點分析

主語與各類從句之間的連接詞是每年必考，其中考得最多的是引導定語從句的關系副詞(where)和關系代詞(who)，其次是引導名詞性從句的連詞(that)和連接代詞(who)。連接并列分句的并列連詞只考查了一個小題。具體的考點與考題如下:

1. 并列句。

(2008年廣東卷)He was very tired after doing this for a whole day， 37 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.

[答案]but/yet

[解析]因very happy與前面的very tired是轉折關系，而這兩句之間是逗號且沒有連詞，故填連詞but或yet。

2. 狀語從句。

(2010年廣東卷)We understand this lesson best

40 we receive gifts of love from children.

[答案]when

[解析]引導時間狀語從句，表示“當……時”。

3. 定語從句。

(2010年廣東卷)He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder 32 had been his teacher.

[答案]who

[解析]引導定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞是表示人的an elder，故填who。

(2009年廣東卷)Jane paused in front of a counter

35 some attractive ties were on display. (2009)

[答案]where

[解析]因兩句之間沒有連詞，必定是填連詞;后句是定語從句，要填的詞在從句中作地點狀語，故填關系副詞where。

(2007年廣東卷)... the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away 36 there was a garage. (2007)

[答案]where

[解析]先行詞是a small town，并在定語從句中作狀語，用where (=in which)引導定語從句。注意，先行詞與定語從句被some 20 kilometres away隔開了。

4. 名詞性從句。

(2008年廣東卷)One day， he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.

[答案]that

[解析]引導同位語從句，說明idea的具體同內容;從句的結構和意義完整，用that引導。

(2007年廣東卷)...when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to

32 should have the honour of receiving me as a guest in their house.

[答案]who

[解析]在介詞to后應是賓語，不難判斷作賓語的是一個賓語從句;引導賓語從句且在從句中作主語;又因為“有幸接待我”的應是人，故填who。

二、真題演練

請用適當的詞填空。

1. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. (2010北京卷)

2. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually. (2010福建卷)

3. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. (2010湖南卷)

4. The newly built café， the walls of are painted light green， is really a peaceful place for us， specially after hard work. (2010江蘇卷)

5. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister she would stay for an hour. (2010江西卷)

6. As a child， Jack studied in a village school， is named after his grandfather. (2010全國卷I)

7. I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else’s fault. (2010全國卷II)

8. That’s the new machine parts are too small to be seen. (2010山東卷)

9. The settlement is home to nearly 1，000 people， many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. (2010浙江卷)

10. After graduating from college， I took some time off to go traveling， turned out to be a wise decision. (2010四川卷)

11. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. (2010北京卷)

12. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel， David Copperfield， was it was rather closely modeled on his own life. (2010北京卷)

13. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. (2010北京卷)

14. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry. (2010湖南卷)

15. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. (2010江蘇卷)

—That’s I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.

16. —Have you finished the book?

— No. I’ve read up to the children discover the secret cave. (2010全國卷II)

17. It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. (2010陜西卷)

18. Before the sales start， I make a list ofmy kids will need for the coming season. (2010山東卷)

19. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with， whether his friends or relatives. (2010四川卷)

20. they decide which college to go to， students should research the admission procedures. (2010北京卷)

21. The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly， and her friend rushed out to greet her. (2010福建卷)

22. The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair he wanted to sit next to his wife. (2010遼寧卷)

23. The little boy won’t go to sleep his mother tells him a story. (2010全國卷I)

24. John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. (2010陜西卷)

25. Tom was about to close the windows his attention was caught by a bird. (2010全國卷II)

26— I wonder how much you charge for your services.

— The first two are free the third costs $30. (2009安徽卷)

答案與解析

1. whose。引導定語從句并在定語從句中作定語，修飾diet，故用關系代詞whose。

2. where。引導定語從句并在從句中作地點狀語。

3. who。引導定語從句并在從句中作met的賓語，先行詞是表示人的students，故用關系代詞who。

4. which。引導非限制性定語從句，the walls of which在含義上相當于and the walls of it。

5. where。引導定語從句，用以修飾先行詞the training centre。where在此相當于and there。

6. which。引導非限制性定語從句，并在定語從句中用作主語，先行詞是village school。

7. that。引導定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞是指事物的something，故用that。

8. whose。引導定語從句并在從句中作定語，意思是“這臺新機器的零部件”，故用whose。

9. whom。引導定語從句并在從句中作介詞of的賓語，先行詞是人，故用whom。Many of whom相當于and many of them。

10. which。引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是前面整個主句的內容。

11. what。引導賓語從句并在賓語從句中用作表語。句意為:我想因為自己內在的東西而受人喜歡和熱愛。

12. that。The reason (for/why ... ) is that ... (……的原因是……)是英語中的一個常用句型，其中的that引導表語從句。

13. What。引導主語從句并在主語從句中作動詞regard的賓語，相當于the thing that。句意為:被一些人視為不利因素的東西在另外許多人看來則是有利的因素。

14. why。引導賓語從句，表示“……的原因”“為什么……”，用why。句意是:沒有人知道他如此生氣的原因。

15. where。引導表語從句，表示“……的地方”，用where。

16. where。引導賓語從句，用作介詞to的賓語，其意為“……的地方”。

17. that。引導主語從句，句首的it為形式主語。句型It never occurred to me that ... 的意思是“我從來沒有想到……”。

18. what。引導賓語從句并在從句中作動詞need的賓語，用連接代詞what，表示“所……的東西”。

19. who。引導賓語從句并在從句中作with的賓語，指人，用who。句意為:一個人去旅行的愉悅程度在很大程度上取決于他與誰一起去，無論是朋友還是親屬。

20. Once。引導狀語從句，表示“一旦”。

21. when。因hardly ... when ... 是固定句式，表示“剛……就”。

22. because。引導原因狀語從句。

23. unless。引導條件狀語從句，表示“除非，如果不”，用unless。

24. before。it won’t be long before ... 是英語中一個常用句型，其意為“不久之后就……”。

25. when。when在此表示“這時突然”，相當于and then suddenly。

26. while。while在此表示對比，其意為“而”。句意為:前面兩個是免費的，而第三個要30美元。

責任編校蔣小青