發(fā)表看法部分怎樣擴展思路

讀寫任務的發(fā)表看法這部分要拿高分，一般來說，考生寫得越長，分數(shù)相應就會越高。答卷中一般只空下一兩行為宜。本文談談如何將文章恰當?shù)貙戦L寫好。

一、如何拓展內容要點

1. 正反式。

如就談誠信與人生的關系這個話題，可以利用正反式的邏輯組織材料：誠信對人生的重要性；沒有誠信的人會怎樣。

It’s obvious that an honest person will definitely win the respect from others，which is of great importance in our study and daily life，and even in the business world. However，a dishonest person will lose his fame and trust from others sooner or later. No matter how intelligent he is，dishonesty will ruin his future.

2. 遞進式。

如談論“兒童肥胖的不良影響”，可以從身體上進而從精神上談論肥胖對兒童造成的不良影響。

As far as we know，obese children tend to eat a lot but they take little exercise， as a result of which they often fall ill easily. Besides，because of their appearance， they get less confidence in themselves，which leads to isolation and depression.

3. 列舉式。

如談論個人對網(wǎng)上購物的看法?？衫昧信e式分別談其優(yōu)點和缺點。

On one hand，online shopping has its advantages. Firstly，it is much cheaper. As far as I’m concerned，online stores offer lower prices to the customers and some don’t charge delivery fee if we buy more than one. Secondly，it is more convenient as customers needn’t walk store after store for what they like. And it’s easier for them to compare products online.

4. 相關式。

所謂相關式是指圍繞決定事物的相關因素談論問題的方法。如就“如何減少交通事故”的主題談論人們應該如何避免交通事故，我們就可以圍繞造成交通事故的相關因素如司機和行人來談論如何避免。

What can we do to avoid traffic accidents？

（1） As to drivers: keep their emotions under control；respect others

（2） As to walkers/pedestrians and cyclists: strictly obey the traffic rules; value their own lives

二、如何寫好經(jīng)歷感悟

凡是要求“以你或他人的經(jīng)歷說明……”的，這個要點一定要詳寫。要寫長寫好事例部分，可按照過渡、故事開頭、發(fā)展、結尾、感悟五個步驟來寫。以2011年廣州一模要點（3）為例：以你或他人的經(jīng)歷說明誠信的重要性。

1. 過渡。

與Summary過渡的最經(jīng)典的語句是：It reminds me one of my experience which happened several years ago.

2. 故事開頭、發(fā)展、結尾。

就“誠信的重要性”可以舉一個正面的素材，說明誠信給某人帶來的好處；也可以舉一個反面的例子，說明不講誠信給人帶來的危害。此處摘錄兩份優(yōu)秀試卷看一下他們的記敘是怎樣展開的。

正面素材的事例：

（總括）I used to hear of a story about a lucky taxi driver. He was a hard-working and kind-hearted man and everyone admired him for his honesty. （開頭）Once he was surprised to find a big box that was left by some passenger in his car，in which there was 10 thousand yuan. （發(fā)展）Though his family was very poor，and he exactly needed a sum of money at that time for his sick mother in the hospital，without a second thought，he handed it to the police station at once.（結尾）The loser was so grateful that he gave him one thousand yuan in return.

反面素材的事例：

(總括)I have a friend who always cheats others. You can never get the true answers from his mouth. （開頭）Once he borrowed my book but unexpectedly he lost it. （發(fā)展）Several days later，he told me that the book was returned to me a day before，saying that I must had forgotten. I didn’t receive my book at all! （結尾）Later，I knew the truth from his mother. It was at that moment that I began to stop making friends with him. Because of his dishonesty，he had fewer and fewer friends gradually.

3. 感悟

即使沒有特別要求“談談你從中悟出的道理”，寫一兩句感悟也是點睛之筆?？墒褂酶袊@、倒裝、強調、虛擬等句型。

（1）What an honest person he is!

（2）Not until then did he realize how important it is to be honest with others.

（3）It was his honesty/dishonesty that saved/ruined him.

（4）I am fully convinced that he would have been unlikely to become a great man but for his honesty.

而針對廣州一模的最后一個要點特別要求“談談你從中悟出的道理”，那就至少要用兩三行去具體談了。怎樣寫？可用總結式總括所得教訓，再用遞進式，或正反式等分述。最后可再加上反問或號召力較強的句子強調收尾。

此外，在舉事例時，為增添事例的生動性，有意識地多一些人物的心理活動的刻畫描寫，也是增添字數(shù)的好辦法。如：

（1）So upset was I that I was unwilling to make an apology to him.

（2）Fortunately，with the help of him，I gradually realized the importance of being honest.

（3）Much to my delight，due to my honesty，one year later，I became one of the popular students in my class.

還有一些用于尾段發(fā)出號召的常用句型也是擴增字數(shù)的絕妙手法：

（1）It is high time that we became aware of the importance of being honest.

（2）Only by being honest can we win reputation and achieve our goals.

（3）So keep it in mind forever that we should always view honesty higher than any other things.

最后，上文提到的這些方法同學們在審題時最好在原試卷或稿紙上粗略地列一下提綱。根據(jù)要求確定好哪個要點要詳寫，哪個要點要略寫。構思清晰才能有的放矢，條理清晰。簡單地列一下要點一定會事半功倍。

(作者單位：開平市開僑中學)

責任編校蔣小青