利弊優劣類要點拓展導練

一、模板實用，請你背誦

以下是有關利弊類要點表達的一些經典段落，建議同學們熟讀背誦，以便在口頭表達或書面表達中，特別是在讀寫任務的要點拓展中，靈活運用。

1. Just as the old saying goes， there is no garden without weeds， and so does the popularity of cars. On the one hand， cars become the essential transportation for life and work. On the other hand， it leads to much noise pollution as well as air pollution. Therefore， for the sake of people’s health， if possible， we’d better try not to use cars. 正如老話所說，沒有不長雜草的花園，每樣東西都有兩面，汽車的普及也一樣。一方面，汽車成為我們生活和工作的不可缺的一部分。另一方面，汽車的普及也相應地導致了嚴重的空氣和噪音污染。因此，為了人類的健康，我們應該盡可能不用車。

2. Generally speaking， it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows about students’ using mobile phones at school. Firstly， with a mobile phone in hand， a student can get in touch with parents conveniently. Secondly， mobile phone can sometimes be used as a dictionary if it is connected with the Internet， which is beneficial to students’ English learning. However， its disadvantages are also obvious. To start with， getting in touch with friends as well as parents by the phone too frequently will surely have a bad effect on students’ study. What’s worse， it is common for students to get addicted to mobile phone games. From the comparison between these positive and negative effects， we know that its disadvantages far outweigh its advantages. Therefore， students had better not use mobile phones.一般而言，大家都認為學生在學校使用手機有許多的好處。首先，有了手機，學生能方便地與父母取得聯系。其次，如果你的手機可以上網，你還可以把它當字典用，這對學生的英語學習非常有幫助。然而，學生在學校使用手機的不良影響也是很明顯的。首先，過于頻繁地用手機與父母和朋友聯系對學生的學習有很大的負面影響。此外，很多學生會對手機游戲上癮。對比其優缺點，我們知道其負面影響大于正面影響，所以，學生在校最好不要用手機。

3. Evidently， students enjoy English films has both negative and positive aspects. On one hand， it helps to raise students’ interest in learning English， broadening students’ horizons at the same time. On the other hand， students may mainly focus on the story but not on the language. To make matters worse， students’ attention to study may be distracted by too many films. 明顯地，學生欣賞英文電影有好處也有壞處。一方面，它能幫助提高學生的英語學習興趣，同時擴大學生的視野。另一方面，在看電影的時候，學生可能會專注于情節而不是英語語言。更糟糕的是，看太多的英文電影，會分散學生的注意力。

4. Three minutes’ speech in English at the beginning of a period benefits us a lot. Its strengths can be listed as follows. For one thing， it is a good chance for us students to practise our listening as well as speaking. For another， to prepare for it， we need to refer to some books and newspapers， which in return enriches our knowledge. However， just as a saying goes， “every coin has two sides”， and this is no exception. To begin with， it costs the limited time in class. Besides， if we can not make sense of the speeches， we will lose confidence in learning English.課前三分鐘的英語演講對我們英語學習很有幫助。它的好處如下，首先，這是訓練學生聽說的一個很好的機會。其次，為了作相應的準備，我們要查找報紙和書籍，而這也同時豐富了學生的知識。然而，正如常言所說“任何東西都有兩面”， 課前三分鐘的英語演講也不例外。首先，它占用了課堂的有限時間。此外，如果我們聽不懂這些演講，我們會失去學英語的信心。

5. Generally， students’ group visit to famous universities to some extent encourages middle school students to study harder. But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects of it are also apparent. One of the disadvantages is that it has a bad effect on the school’s normal management. To make matters worse， it sometimes causes traffic problems in the university. 一般而言，學生集體參觀著名的大學在某一程度上能激勵中學生更加努力學習。但每樣東西都有兩面，學生集體參觀著名的大學的負面影響也是非常明顯的。其中一個弊端就是它會影響該校的正常管理。更糟糕的是有時會造成校內的交通堵塞問題。

二、實例分析，學會運用

拓展要點：說說出國旅游的利與弊。

思路分析：先用first of all， besides等描述出國旅游的好處，再用however， nevertheless等進行過渡，然后再用舉例的方式for example說說其帶來的問題。

參考范文：

There are quite a lot of advantages if we travel abroad. First of all， travelling abroad can help broaden our horizons. Besides， we can learn different cultures through visiting other countries. Nevertheless， the disadvantages are also obvious. For example， it costs more to travel abroad and people may not get adapted to the climate which causes them sick. Therefore， it depends on a person’s finance and health whether to travel abroad.

三、舉一反三，靈活運用

靈活運用以上模板，拓展以下要點：

1. 中學生參加課外活動的利弊。

2. 說明網購的利弊。

3. 高三學生學習到深夜的利弊。

四、綜合練習，運用自如

通過以下讀寫任務的綜合練習，達到在今后的這類寫作中運用自如。

讀寫任務 閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

Parents who buy computers for their children may damage their exam result， according to new research. The study suggested that computers could distract(使分心)school children from their studies as they spend hours chatting with friends and playing games.

More than nine in ten secondary school children in Britain currently use a computer for their homework. But the latest report found children did worse in maths and reading tests when they had a computer at home.

Professor Jacob Vigdor said，” Adults may think of computer technology as a convenient tool， but kids don’t share that idea.” The research also found that home computers were of more help in families where parents’ guidance was more effective. In poorer families， parents were less likely to check children’s computer use and guide their children towards educational programs. A conclusion followed a study last year that education was being disrupted by “technology obsession(癡迷).” Researchers at Cranfield School of Management said increasing use of the Internet and mobile phones was damaging pupils’ ability for independent study and improving poor grammar.

[寫作內容]

1. 以約30詞概括短文的內容要點；

2. 以約120個詞就 “如何正確引導學生運用電腦和網絡” 的主題發表看法，內容包括：

(1)對于上學的孩子，家庭電腦和網絡對他們的學習有哪些利弊影響？

(2)假如你是家長，你贊成給學生提供家庭電腦嗎？

(3)你認為應如何正確引導學生運用家庭電腦和網絡以促進學習？

[寫作要求]

(1) 可以使用實例或其它論述方法支持你的論點，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

(2) 標題自定。

[評分標準]

概括準確，語言規范，內容合適，篇章連貫。

參考范文

[舉一反三，靈活運用]

1. As we all know， there are always two sides in every debate. On the one hand， taking part in after-class activities has its advantages. Firstly， it enriches our experience and makes our school life more colorful. Secondly， it is after-class activities that relax us after a long time of study. Thirdly， participating in these activities can keep us energetic， which is good for our health. On the other hand， its disadvantages are also evident. To begin with， attracted by these activities， students may lose their interest in study. Besides， it takes up lots of time of students if they participate in these activities， which affects their study.

2. Nowadays many people prefer to shop on line. Generally， its advantages can be seen as follows. First， it’s convenient for us to shop on line. Secondly， it helps save much time， with which we can do other important things. But just as an old saying goes， every coin has two sides. Its negative aspects are also apparent. One of the disadvantages is that we are not sure whether the goods we buy are in good quality. Through the above analysis， I believe that the positive aspects of shopping on line far overweight the negative ones. Therefore， I would like to shop on line.

3. Faced with the stress of college entrance examination， many students choose to study late into the night. We should admit that it does benefit us a lot. For one thing， by studying late into night， we students have much more time to deal with our different subjects. For another thing， it is at almost midnight that students can have a quieter surrounding and clearer mind to focus on study. However， every coin has two sides. Studying late into the night is no exception. Firstly， if we study late into the night， of course we will feel tired， which will distract us from our study the next day. What’s worse， studying late into the night will weaken our health， leading to even illness.

[綜合練習，運用自如]

As was suggested in a recent research， home computer might harm children’s test results. However， it is also found that parents play an important role in guiding children’s use of home computers.

With the development of economy and technology， an increasing number of parents can afford their children computers. Its advantages can be listed as follows. For one thing， computer brings us a large amount of knowledge. When meeting difficulties in study we can search the Internet for help， which is convenient and fast as well. For another thing， we are able to talk to our friends through the Internet， discussing problems or something we can’t solve by ourselves. However， every coin has two sides， and home computer is no exception. A computer makes some of us so addicted to them that we can’t help logging on for games， chatting， blogging or some other forms of amusement， which is what we called Net Addiction.

If I were a parent， I would arm my children with computers. To make full use of computer， we have the following suggestions. To begin with， parents should spare time to check children’s computer use， guiding them towards educational programs. Moreover， rules must be made for children to follow， for example， they can’t use computer for more than three hours a day. In a word， only when parents’ guidance is more effective will home computer be of great help.

（作者單位：河源市東源中學）

責任編校蔣小青