兩項意思相反,答案必選其一

在閱讀理解題目中，當選項中有兩個答案的意思恰恰相反時，一般說來，這兩者中必有一個是正確答案。因此，遇到這種情況，我們要首先重點考究這兩個選項，而將其他選項置后考慮。這樣可提高解題速度，從而節省時間。

[例1]My mother has realized the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen， she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she.

I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票經紀人). I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing， “This is Mrs. Tan.” (2010廣東)

42. From Paragraph 2， we know that the author was

.

A. good at pretending

B. rude to the stockbroker

C. ready to help her mother

D. unwilling to phone for her mother

解析：四個選項中，C(ready樂意的)和D(unwilling不愿意的)意思正好相反，由文中I was forced to... “(當母親要我給別人打電話，假裝我是她時)我被迫……”，可知作者是“不樂意幫母親打電話”的，故選D。

[例2] When people handle food properly， the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally， people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition， some types of fish can be poisonous.

Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons， they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied. (2010廣東)

55. It can be inferred from the passage that.

A. natural materials are safe in food processing

B. chemicals are needed in food processing

C. food poisoning can be kept under control

D. food poisoning is out of control

解析：選項C(食物中毒是可以控制的)和選項D(食物中毒是無法控制的)兩者意思相反，正確選項很可能就是其中之一，需重點考究。由When people handle food properly， the risk of food poisoning is very small (只要人們處理食物恰當，食物中毒的可能性是相當小的)可知，食物中毒并不是不可控制的，事實上本段內容就是講不同食物如何預防食物中毒，故選C。

誠然，當兩選項意思相反時，答案也許未必其一，此時，就需再考慮另外兩個選項了。

（作者單位：惠州市華羅庚中學）

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