提出建議或措施類要點拓展導練

一、模板實用，請你背誦

以下是有關提出建議或措施的一些精典段落，建議同學們熟讀背誦，以便在口頭表達或書面表達中，特別是在讀寫任務的要點拓展中，靈活運用。

1. Some students often suffer from anxiety when taking an examination. There are many steps which can be taken to settle this problem. First of all， take a deep breath in and a long breath out to calm yourself down. In addition， try to maintain a positive attitude during the test. Another way of contributing to the success of solving the problem is answering the simple questions first， for this helps to build up your confidence for the harder questions. 一些學生考試時常會感到焦慮不安。有許多的方法可以解決這一問題。首先，深深吸一口氣，然后慢慢地呼出讓你自己冷靜下來。此外，考試中要保持積極的態(tài)度。另一種能成功地解決這一問題的方法是，先做簡單的題目，這有助于樹立你的信心去解答比較難的題目。

2. The earth’s environment is worsening. We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing， laws should be passed to punish any enterprise polluting the environment. For another， enterprises should be responsible for their pollutants by purifying the wasted gases or water before releasing them. Finally， as for individuals， we should try not to use the disposable things. Not only can it help the environment， but it also can save us money. 地球環(huán)境日益惡化。我們應該采取一系列有效的措施來應付。一方面，應該制定法律來處罰任何污染環(huán)境的企業(yè)。另一方面，企業(yè)應該對其產生的污染物負責。可以通過在排放之前凈化廢氣和污水。最后，對于個人來說，我們盡可能不用一次性的物品，這不僅有益于環(huán)境，也能幫我們省錢。

3. Some workable ways may be used to build a harmonious society. For example， to avoid social contradictions， the government should take the responsibility to help the poor， enhancing financial investment to really improve the conditions of poor families and gradually narrowing the gap between incomes and living standards. What’s more， employment opportunities should be increased to lessen employment pressure. Lastly， all people should co-exist harmoniously， love and help each other， and make an effort to contribute to the building of a harmonious society. Only by doing so can we gradually establish a harmonious society. 一些可行的方法可被用來構建一個和諧的社會。例如，為了避免社會沖突，政府有責任去幫助窮人，增加經(jīng)濟投入，真正改善貧窮家庭的情況，逐漸縮小收入和生活水平之間的差距。此外，增加就業(yè)機會以減少就業(yè)壓力。最后，全民應該和諧共存，互相關心、互相幫助，盡力為和諧社會的構建貢獻力量。只有這樣做我們才能逐漸建立一個和諧的社會。

4. The ways to reduce the pressure from studies can be listed as follows. Firstly， we can do some after-class activities， such as playing basketball， playing football， doing some running and so on. They help to refresh ourselves. Secondly， listening to music or seeing films make us feel relaxed. Finally， doing some reading is also an ideal way to reduce our pressure. 減輕學習壓力有如下的方法。第一，我們可以參加一些如打籃球、踢足球、跑步等課外活動。他們能讓我們精神爽快。其次，聽音樂和看電影會讓我們感到放松。最后，看書也是一種減輕壓力的理想方法。

5. Suggestions on making Guangzhou Asian Games a success can be suggested as follows. First of all， the local government should spare no effort to improve the bad traffic conditions to ensure the smooth flow of traffic. Besides， the host province of Guangdong should do what it can to ensure social security and stability for a smooth and successful Asian Games. Last but not least， respect different cultures and customs of other countries as well as treat the guests from all over the world with respect and sincerity to make them feel at home.成功舉辦廣州亞運會的建議可羅列如下：首先，地方政府應該不遺余力地改善擁擠的交通狀況確保交通的順暢。此外，東道主廣東應該盡力為亞運會的順利和成功舉辦創(chuàng)建一個安全穩(wěn)定的社會。最后但同樣重要的是，尊重不同國家的文化與習俗，真誠地對待來自世界各地的客人，讓他們有賓至如歸的感覺。

二、實例分析，學會運用

拓展要點：你對團隊合作活動有何建議？

思路分析：寫這個要點時可以從團隊目標、個人職責和共同合作等方面提出切實可行的建議，使用祈使句可以加強語氣。

參考范文：

Since teamwork benefits us a lot， here are some suggestions on how to do a better teamwork. For one thing， make the team goals and the individual duties clear for everyone. For another， work hard on what you are responsible for. In addition， never miss opportunities to support your team members. Do remember that only by working together and cooperating smoothly will we win.

三、舉一反三，靈活運用

靈活運用以上模板，拓展以下要點：

1. 中學生如何過低碳生活？

2. 人們應該如何保持健康？

3. 學生如何在學校發(fā)生地震時逃生?

四、綜合練習，運用自如

通過以下讀寫任務的綜合練習，達到在今后的這類寫作中運用自如。

讀寫任務 閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

The College Entrance Examination has been restored since 1977. The form and the contents of the test paper have been constantly reformed in China to meet the need of educational development. English， as one of the subjects of College Entrance Examination， its contents and structure of the test paper have been adjusted time and time again according to the research results of language tests and the situation of educational reform in English in high schools.

Guangdong province， belonging to the provinces making the Matriculation English Test paper autonomously， after experiencing several changes in its English test paper， will again remove the listening past from its paper in 2011. But each student must take the oral English test taking place in April， which occupies 10% of the whole score (150 scores)， and the score that students get will be added to the total score in the College Entrance Examination. The reform in the contents and the structure of the test paper is said to focus on the ability of using language rather than language knowledge.

However， some people think the reform in the 2011 Guangdong English test paper won’t be good for students， and it’s also unfair to the student in mountainous areas， for they have few chances to practice their oral English because of lack of listening facilities.

[寫作內容]

1. 以約30詞概括短文的內容要點；

2. 以約120個詞就“學生應該怎樣應對高考聽說改革”的主題發(fā)表看法，內容包括：

(1)你認為廣東高考英語聽說的改革合理嗎？為什么？

(2)你所在學校是如何應對高考聽說改革的？

(3)請你提出提高聽說能力的具體建議。

[寫作要求]

(1) 可以使用實例或其它論述方法支持你的論點，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；

(2) 標題自定。

[評分標準]

概括準確，語言規(guī)范，內容合適，篇章連貫。

參考范文

[舉一反三，靈活運用]

1. Living a lower-carbon life means a lot in terms of reducing the pollution on the earth. Here are some suggestions on how middle school students live a lower-carbon life. To begin with， we should turn off the lights and the electrical fans when leaving dormitories or classrooms so as to save electricity as much as possible. Secondly， never leave water running all the time when we are washing hands， brushing teeth， cleaning faces or washing clothes. Thirdly， we should also recycle used water and paper. And finally， we had better use less disposable things and plastic bags.

2. It is known to us all that nothing is more important than to keep healthy. The ways for us to keep fit can be suggested as follows. Firstly， we should have a healthy diet， which means a variety of food including meat， fresh fruits and vegetables. Secondly， drink more water instead of drinks. Lastly， do some exercise every day， such as running， swimming， playing basketball and so on， which can help to relax ourselves as well as benefit our health a lot.

3. A series of effective measures can be taken to escape an earthquake when it happens at school. First of all， it is very important to keep calm instead of running aimlessly or pushing each other to crowd the stairs and you had better follow the teachers’ commands. Besides， if you are inside the classroom or the dormitory， you should hide under a desk as quickly as you can， protecting your head and neck with your arms. Finally， move to an open area away from buildings， walls， trees and wire poles if you are outside the classroom.

[綜合練習，運用自如]

English test paper has experienced several reforms since the College Entrance Examination has been restored in China. There is no exception of Guangdong， whose reform in the 2011 English test paper arouses some persons’ disapproval.

To be frank， I don’t think the reform in the 2011 Guangdong English Test paper is reasonable mainly because it doesn’t take the interest of students in mountainous areas， for students there lack listening facilities to practice their oral English.

Fortunately， to adjust to the reform in 2011 College Entrance Examination， our school has equipped us with two computer rooms， and once a week we have a class in the computer rooms to practice our oral English.

To succeed in taking the oral English test， some workable ways may be taken to improve our oral English. First of all， master the basic knowledge of pronunciation and intonation as well as many vocabularies. Besides， listen to as many records as you can and imitate and then record your own voice and compare. Last but not least， don’t be afraid of making mistakes and seize every opportunity to speak English. The more you speak， the more confidence you will get and the better your oral English will be.

（作者單位：河源市東源中學）

責任編校蔣小青