筆墨留香懷華老

時間抹得去傷痛，卻抹不去記憶。

一年前的6月13日，北京那場淅淅瀝瀝的雨帶走了一位大師，也從此牽起了我們永久的思念。他，就是華君武，我國著名的漫畫大師、社會活動家。去年此時，我們懷著悲痛的心情北上吊唁，代表浙江日報報業集團黨委，在華老的靈堂前敬獻了鮮花。如今轉眼一年，敬重的華老在我心中卻依然宛在，還記得他雖年已耄耋，但儀態雍容，精神矍鑠，那一幕幕生動的畫面仿佛就在昨天。翻開華老與我多年交往的書信，拿出他贈予我的畫作，攤開一起合影的照片，歲月滄桑，溫馨的記憶在我心頭一一浮現……

華老祖籍江蘇無錫，1915年4月24日生于杭州。他對自己的故鄉懷有深深的眷戀，尤其是在晚年，深厚情緣更是融注在一幅幅為家鄉媒體創作的漫畫里。我第一次見到華老是1994年10月份，當時我擔任浙江日報總編辦接待科科長，全程陪同前來杭州的華老。原以為大師會有架子、很難相處，所以見面前還心有忐忑，但是一見面，發現全無必要。華老親切隨和，說話幽默，只要他在現場氣氛一定很好。17歲就離開杭州的華老心心念念想著臭豆腐、霉莧菜梗，還有寧波咸魚鲞。回來的當天傍晚，浙報的小車班司機帶著他在街上到處找臭豆腐，最后晚上六點多在武林門的一家小店里解了饞。這些重溫的兒時生活滋味讓華老身在遠方卻心系故鄉，只要有機會，他就會來杭州走走看看，先后在《浙江日報》《錢江晚報》《美術報》《錢塘周末》發表了300多幅漫畫作品。1999年5月9日是《浙江日報》50華誕，華老在浙江展覽館特別舉辦“華君武百幅漫畫展”，為此祝賀；2006年，《錢江晚報》創刊20周年，已91歲高齡的華老又為《錢江晚報》寫下了“我和錢江晚報結緣20年。錢江晚報20歲。祝賀她長命百歲、越辦越好”的題詞，這也是華老最后一次為《錢江晚報》題字。

得故鄉湖山靈氣，出漫畫創作精品。從15歲在當時的《浙江日報》上發表第一幅漫畫《江南》開始，華老一生浸淫其間，殫精竭慮，留下了40多部畫冊與文集，像一道彩虹，絢麗多姿，高接云天；又是一種精神，特立獨行，幽默深邃。人們懷念他，由衷地發出敬意，從其畫品、藝品到通達坦蕩的人品。華老是延安時期老一輩革命藝術家，1938年到延安。初在陜北公學，后到魯迅藝術文學院任研究員和教員，親身聆聽毛主席在延安文藝座談會上的講話。在延安期間，毛主席還觀看了蔡若虹、張諤和華君武三個人舉辦的諷刺漫畫展，當華君武請毛主席提出批評時，毛主席說：“漫畫要民族化、大眾化，漫畫要發展的。”這一講話指明了漫畫作品的創作方向，對華君武的創作起到了積極推動作用。他以漫畫作為戰斗武器，在各個不同歷史時期，畫出了緊扣時代脈搏的好作品，無論在戰爭年代還是和平建設時期都起到不可估量的作用。

華老曾明確說：“現代中國漫畫之發展，報紙功不可沒，漫畫靠報紙發表走入社會，報紙培養了不少漫畫家。”這是經驗之談。他的漫畫，自上世紀40年代起，在中華民族中成為了一種難得的“全民閱讀”對象。稍有報章閱讀能力的人，無不知曉其名其畫。1945年抗戰結束日本投降后，黨組織調他到了東北，為了揭露蔣介石假和談、真備戰的嘴臉，這一時期他創作了《磨好刀再殺》《榜樣》《運輸隊》等一批代表性諷刺漫畫作品，極大地鼓舞了解放區和統戰區廣大軍民的斗志，而國民黨情報特務機關懸賞捉拿、暗殺華君武；1961年，北京某大學批評詩圣杜甫長詩《兵車行》是和平主義思想，華老針對這一現象創作了《杜甫檢討》漫畫作品予以諷刺，刊在《光明日報》上，周總理看了哈哈大笑；1962年10月，針對社會上少做事少犯錯誤的傾向，他創作了《永不走路、永不摔跤、永處襁褓》的諷刺漫畫，刊登在《光明日報》上。這幅漫畫毛主席看到后寫了“有了錯誤、改了就好”八個大字，作為副件材料發給正在北京參加中央工作會議的代表。

“愛人者，人恒愛之；敬人者，人恒敬之。”華君武說，他從不見異思遷，也不怕自己挫敗，之所以這樣，是因為他愛漫畫，愛這個國家，愛這個國家的人民。而故鄉人民同樣熱愛這位漫畫大師，讓華老真的在杭城留下點什么。在浙報老同志的建議下，杭州市政府選址三處，最后在西湖邊的唐云藝術館邊上豎起一堵“華君武漫畫紀念墻”，以這樣的方式來紀念這位杰出的漫畫家。

對于失去這樣一位大師，杭城人民都感到萬分遺憾，然而在悲痛之余，我有幸與華老見上最后一面，并與其兒子華端端、華方方一同護衛華老靈車前往八寶山殯儀館，將其安置在華老生前親自選好的雙墓穴中，與先逝的老伴宋琦一起長眠。遵從他的遺愿，喪事一切從簡，華老清雅恬靜、淡泊名利的風范無論身前還是身后，都熠熠生輝，已經成為也終將繼續成為我們后生學習的楷模。他卓著的創作成果、崇高的藝術追求、高尚的精神境界，也將隨著他留下來的珍貴藝術作品和精神財富而流芳百世！□

In Remembrance of Master Hua Junwu

By Cao Dachun

Hua Junwu (1915-2010)， a prominent cartoon master and high-profile social activist， passed away on June 13， 2010， a rainy day in Beijing. On the behalf of the Zhejiang Daily Group， a group of us went to Beijing to express our condolence and presented flowers respectfully at his memorial service. With the two sons of Hua Junwu， I escorted the hearse all the way to Babaoshan Cemetery in Beijing， where the master’s ash box was placed side by side with that of his wife’s.

A year has flown away and I still see him vividly in my mind’s eye. My memory of the master， accumulated over years， flashes as if everything were yesterday. In my private collection are his letters to me over years， his gift paintings， and photos in which we appear together.

Born in Hangzhou on April 24， 1915， Hua Junwu showed a strong passion for his hometown in his evening years. I first met him in October 1994 when I was in charge of reception at the office of the editor-in-chief of Zhejiang Daily. I was with him all the time during his visit to the hometown. My previous worry that he might act with the air of a master vanished as the first sight of the amiable old man. A man of humor， he oozed with a lovely sense of congeniality and laughter whereas he was.

He had left Hangzhou at 17. When he came back to his hometown， he let us know his nostalgic yearning for local food such as stinky tofu and salted fish. In the first afternoon in Hangzhou， we drove around the city looking for a street vendor or a restaurant selling stinky tofu. Around six o’clock we finally found a small restaurant at Wulin Gate where the master eagerly satisfied himself with the repulsively redolent delicacy of his childhood years.

In his last years， the master published altogether a total of more than 300 cartoons in Zhejiang Daily， Qianjiang Evening News， Fine Arts， and Qiantang Weekend. On May 9， 1999， he held a solo exhibition of 100 cartoons at Zhejiang Exhibition Center in celebration of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the Zhejiang Daily. In 2006 when Qianjiang Evening News marked its 20th anniversary， the 91-year-old Hua wrote a 24-character inscription for the publication. It was the last time the master wrote something for the popular newspaper.

Hua was an inspired cartoonist with a long and productive career. His first cartoon appeared in Zhejiang Daily when he was only 15. During his long career， he created a large quantity of satire in the form of cartoon. He played a positive role in the national politics and was highly appreciated by state leaders. His sharp graphic criticism was a national phenomenon from the 1940s onward. He published forty some collections of cartoons and essays.

The people in Hangzhou loved Hua. The city government offered three sites to establish a memorial for the master. Today， the memorial wall in honor of the master stands near Tang Yun Art Museum on the West Lake. □