有關冠詞的若干難點例析

劉淑娟

一、定冠詞還是不定冠詞

例1:1. Football issport I love,sport that has given me so much.

A. a ,theB. a,aC./ , aD. the,the

析:該題容易錯選A,正確答案是B。句中a sport that has given me so much與a sport I love是同位關系,仍用不定冠詞。

eg:①He has found a job,a good job which is suitable for him.

他找到了一份工作,一份適合他的工作。

②He has found a job.The job is suitable for him.

他找到一份工作,這份工作適合他。

析:①句中a job(可用one代替)which is suitable for him與前面a job是同位關系。

②實際上是兩個句子,第二個句中the job特指第一句中提到的job.

例2:Wouldnt it bewonderful world if all nations lived inpeace with one another.

A. a,/B. the,/C. a,theD. the,the

析:該題容易錯選B,正確答案是A。The world,the moon,the sun,the earth等世界上獨一無二的東西前有形容詞修飾時用不定冠詞。

eg:The 21st century promises to be a peaceful and friendly world.二十一世紀會是一個和平友好的世界。

We all hope to see?搖a?搖full moon tonight.我們都希望今晚看見一輪圓月。

例3:He ismost determined young man and wants to besecond Newton.

A. a,aB. the,theC. a,theD. /,the

析:該題容易錯選B,正確答案是A。序數詞或最高級前用定冠詞,但a most=very并非表示最高級;a+序數詞表示“又一,再一”。

eg:Dalian is a most interesting city and worth visiting a third time.大連是一個很有趣味的城市,值得參觀三次。

Dalian is the most interesting city in China.大連是中國最有趣味的城市。

It is the third time I have visited Dalian.這是我第三次來大連參觀。

二、要冠詞還是不要冠詞

例1:—Hello,is that Ms.Blackburn,the head teacher speaking?

—Im sorry,There isnt Ms.Blackburn in our school.

A. theB. aC. oneD. /

析:該題容易錯選D,正確答案是B。人名前一般不用冠詞,但表示說話者對此人不認識或指與某名人有類似性質,特點的人或事物時,人名前要用不定冠詞。

eg:Mr.Wang came to ask for you this morning.王先生今天上午來找你了。

A Mr.Wang came to ask for you this morning.一位王先生今天上午來找你了。(說話者不認識王先生)

We all regard him as a living LeiFeng.我們都認為他是個活雷鋒。(雷鋒指代樂于助人的人)

例2:The taxi driver was put inprison because his car had knocked down a child.His wife went toprison to see him twice a month.

A. /,/B. the,theC. /,theD. the,/

析:該題容易錯選A,正確答案是C,英語中in prison(坐牢), in hospital(住院), in bed(躺床上),in school(在校讀書), go to school (上學), leave school (畢業), go to church(做禮拜)等短語中名詞前面零冠詞都有其特定的含義,當該類詞不表示其特定含義時則需要用冠詞。

eg:Mom is ill in hospital,so I have to go to the hospital to look after her.

媽媽生病住院,我得去醫院照顧他。

例3:Jackson is quite satisfied with the job now for which he is paid.

A. by an hourB. by the hour C. by hourD. by hours

析:該題容易錯選C,正確答案是B。By表示“按……計算”,后面的名詞是可數名詞時與定冠詞the連用,后面的名詞是不可數名詞時不用冠詞,如:by weight, by volumn, by time, by the day, by the month, by the dozen,by the piece,by the metre,by the yard等。

例4:Itscomfort to know that his experiment turned out to besuccess.

A. a,/B. /,aC. /, /D. a,a

析:該題容易錯選C,正確答案是D。抽象名詞surprise,shock,pleasure,comfort,treat,success,failure,danger等具體化時,表示一具體的人或事時,與不定冠詞連用。

eg:His coming to the meeting was a big surprise. 他來參加會議真是意外。

Playing on the beach is quite a pleasure.在沙灘上玩是相當快樂的事。

Your telephones have been a great comfort to me. 你的電話一直給我極大的安慰。

The news of her mothers death was a terrible shock to her. 她母親死去的消息使她極為震驚。

As a father,he is a failure.But as a teacher, he is a success.作為一位父親,它是失敗者,但作為一位教師,他是成功的。

三、不定冠詞a,還是an

例1:Yesterday we receivedunexpected visitor fromEuropean country.

A. a,aB. an,anC. a,anD. an,a

析:該題容易錯選C,正確答案是D。不定冠詞a用于輔音因素前(并非輔音子母),不定冠詞an 則用于元音因素前(并非元音字母前)。如:an honest man , an excellent film, a hot day,a university.

eg:There is an S-shaped object in the sky. 天空有個S形狀的東西。

You have dropped an “n” in the word “government”.單詞government你漏寫了一個字母n。