摘要:在寫作訓練時要強調對材料的合理處理,讓學生注意表達的順序、各句之間的邏輯關系、過渡詞的正確使用及格式的規范、內容的完整、卷面的工整,使用考自己熟悉的、有把握的句型詞匯,清楚、連貫地表達自己的意思,英語寫作一定可以取得理想的成績。
關鍵詞:高考議論文;寫作教學;中學英語
【中圖分類號】 G633.41 【文獻標識碼】 B 【文章編號】 1671-1297(2012)08-0117-01
全國各省高考題中議論文的寫作占的比例是最大的,因此在高考備考復習中,議論文的寫作訓練也是最主要的。但是往往我們訓練了很長時間,學生還是面對題目不知所措,考試或寫作訓練時書寫不規范,行文邏輯散亂。為了有效解決這個問題,我歷年教學中琢磨出一套比較有效的教學方法,現推薦給大家,希望可以與大家共同學習共同進步。
中學英語書面表達所要求的議論文,是一種限定性的寫作,其論點、論據和論證都比較明確,有的文章提出問題,如:……為什么?/……怎么辦?/……該采取什么措施?考生可以結合題目要求闡述相關的觀點,切忌隨意發揮。
通常我在訓練中,要求學生必須按\"三段式\"模式\"十句作文法\"來寫:第一段導入話題,2句;第二段交代材料要求內容,6-8句;第三段總結或提出建議2-3句。寫作時第一段和末段要盡量讓學生使用復雜句式,第二段使用合理的過渡詞連貫地連接上下文信息,使文章看起來層次分明,邏輯清楚,這樣容易給閱卷老師一個好印象,易得高分。這里需要強調的是,議論文里含正反兩方面的觀點的材料的寫作中,正反方觀點都要處理在第二段,不再分段,中間使用一些轉折或比較的過渡詞,這樣文章顯得緊湊,觀點鮮明。
整個寫作訓練中,句式和過渡詞為重點。所以在第一段和末段選好幾個固定句式如強點句式,倒裝句式,和含定語從句的復合句式等讓學生去套。過渡詞或句式要羅列出來,讓學生盡可能地選擇長些和高級一些的去運用,這比教會他們用一個高級單詞容易得多。下面是我總結的常用過渡詞和句式。
一 導入常用句子
1. Different people (students) have different ideas.
2. Different people look at …in different ways.
3. 60% of the students hold the view that…
On the other hand, 40% believe that …
4. Opinions on the question are divided as follows: 70% of the students think that…..
On the other hand, 30% don't like the idea of….
5. I'd loke to give my opinion about…..
6. There are many advantages in… First,….Second,… Third,…
However , there are some disadvantages as well……. Besides,….
7. It would be much better if teenagers know the income of their parents.
8. Attitudes towards…are various.But I
二 常用的過渡詞(組)
1.表示列舉:
1)first, second, third, last(不推薦,原因:俗)
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推薦,原因:俗)
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推薦,原因:俗)
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推薦,原因:俗)
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(強烈推薦)
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(強烈推薦)
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(強烈推薦)
8)most important of all, moreover, finally
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(適用于兩點的情況)
10)for one thing, for another thing(適用于兩點的情況)
2. 表示并列 what's more, in addition, too ,as well ,besides, furthermore, moreover ,what's worse.
3. 表示因果 therefore, for this reason, thus, consequently.
4. 表示轉折 but, however, on the contrary, instead, on one hand… on the other hand
5. 舉例說明 such as, for example, for instance, take… for example
6. 表示對比 on the contrary, in contrast, similarly
7. 陳述事實 in fact, actually ,as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
8. 表示總結 in a word, in short, to sum up, in conclusion, on the whole, to conclude, in brief, in summary, in general, all in all
三 總結或建議句型
1. In my opinion/view/eyes…
2. Personally, I feel that…/ Personally, I agree with…
3. As far as I'm concerned/ As far as I know…
4. I can't agree more with the father. Such cases are often seen in our life
5. In conclusion, I believe that…