黃連素藥性與功效芻議

[摘要] 黃連素作為黃連的主要單體活性成分，其與黃連在性味、功效和主治病證上具有一致性，尤其在濕熱證的防治研究和臨床應(yīng)用中療效確切。黃連素清熱燥濕屬性與濕熱證關(guān)系密切，其防治原則是臨床上治療高血壓、高血糖和脂質(zhì)代謝紊亂等代謝綜合征癥候群的中醫(yī)理論基礎(chǔ)。本文以黃連素臨床應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀為依據(jù)，探討黃連素清熱燥濕屬性與濕熱證之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，為厘清黃連素的藥性和功效提供中醫(yī)理論依據(jù)和研究思路。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 黃連素；藥性；功效；濕熱證

[中圖分類號(hào)] R285.5 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B [文章編號(hào)] 2095-0616（2012）21-52-02

Discussion on the medicinal properties and efficacy of berberine

ZHANG Yupei HAN Li YANG Qinhe KONG Yilin

1.Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine， School of Medicine， Jinan University， Guangzhou 510632， China；2.The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University， Guangzhou 510632， China；3.Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM， Guangzhou 510120， China

[Abstract] Berberine is the main active ingredient in Coptis，and it is consistent in medicinal properties，efficacy and indications of syndromes compared with Coptis， especially in the prevention and treatment of damp-heat syndrome research and clinical applications.Berberine has the effectiveness of heat-clearing and damp-drying therapy that closely related to the damp-heat syndrome. It is the the TCM theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of metabolic syndrome such as high blood pressure， high blood sugar and lipid metabolism disorder syndrome. In this paper， clinical application of berberine as a breakthrough ，and to explore the intrinsic relationship between berberine effectiveness of heat-clearing and damp-drying therapy with damp-heat syndrome. In order to clarify the medicinal properties and efficacy of berberine ， this study provides the TCM theoretical basis and research ideas.

[Key words] Berberine； Nature of a drug； Efficacy； Damp-heat syndrome

黃連素又稱小檗堿，是從黃連、黃柏、三棵針或其他含有小檗堿的植物中提取的一種異喹啉類生物堿，臨床上一直作為清熱燥濕、瀉火解毒、抗感染藥物使用，具有價(jià)格便宜、抗菌譜較廣、療效確切和毒副作用小等特點(diǎn)。近年來在動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)研究及臨床療效觀察中發(fā)現(xiàn)黃連素在臨床上還有許多新用途[1]，具有降血糖、降血壓、調(diào)節(jié)脂質(zhì)代謝、改善心功能和抗心律失常等作用，尤其在濕熱性病證的治療中臨床效果滿意?，F(xiàn)結(jié)合相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)及臨床應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀就黃連素在濕熱性病證所表現(xiàn)出來的藥性和功效進(jìn)行探討，以期為其防治濕熱證提供中醫(yī)理論依據(jù)和研究思路。

1 黃連素藥物屬性剖析

1.1 黃連素與黃連性味、功效相近

黃連是毛茛科多年生草本植物，藥用其根，中醫(yī)認(rèn)為黃連其性味苦寒、無毒，歸心、脾、胃、肝、膽、大腸經(jīng)，具有清熱燥濕、瀉火解毒的功效，尤以清泄中焦?jié)駸嵘瞄L(zhǎng)，主治濕熱中阻，脘腹痞滿等，為治濕泄痢疾之要藥，又善清心胃之火和肝熱，《本草綱目》曰：“黃連大苦大寒，用之降火燥濕，中病即當(dāng)止?！?br>