護理干預對糖尿病患者用藥依從性的影響

[摘要] 目的 觀察護理干預對糖尿病患者用藥依從性的影響。 方法 將86例筆者所在醫院心病科2年內診斷為糖尿病的住院患者按入院順序隨機分為治療組與對照組，治療組給予護理干預，并于出院12個月后進行隨訪，將患者用藥依從性分為完全依從、部分依從和不依從，從而記錄記錄患者的用藥依從性情況。 結果 治療組住院期間和出院12個月內患者用藥總體依從性率分別為100.0%和95.3%；對照組住院期間和出院12個月內患者用藥總體依從性率分別為90.7%和81.4%。治療組和對照組患者住院期間和出院后12個月內用藥依從性比較，差異有統計學意義（P<0.01）。 結論 護理干預可以調動患者的積極性，增強患者的自我管理能力，對提高患者用藥的依從性具有十分重要的意義。

[關鍵詞] 護理干預；老年患者；糖尿病；用藥依從性

[中圖分類號] R473.5 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 2095-0616（2012）21-141-02

Nursing intervention on patients with diabetes medication compliance

TIAN Bingbing

Information Branch， Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Zhengzhou 450002，China

[Abstract] Objective To observe the impact of nursing interventions on diabetes medication adherence. Methods 86 cases diabetes patients in the author's hospital of 2 years admission order randomly divided into a treatment group and the control group. The treatment group received nursing intervention， and discharged after 12 months follow-up， the patient medication compliance classified into full compliance， partial compliance and non-compliance， thus recording the record patient medication compliance. Results Treatment group during hospitalization and discharge patients within 12 months of medication overall compliance rate of 100.0% and 95.3%， respectively； the control group during hospitalization and was discharged within 12 months overall patient medication compliance rate of 90.7% and 81.4%， respectively. The treatment group and the control group patients during hospitalization and after discharge medication compliance within 12 months compared with a significant difference（P<0.01）. Conclusion Nursing intervention can mobilize the enthusiasm of the patients， to enhance the patient's self-management skills， and has great significance to improve patient medication adherence.

[Key words] Nursing intervention； Elderly patients； Diabetes； Medication compliance

近30年來，我國糖尿病患病率顯著增加，控制情況卻不令人滿意。目前，糖尿病的控制已經從傳統意義上的治療轉向了系統的管理，加強了對糖尿病患者的教育。作為糖尿病教育的主要方式，護理干預和護理指導對提高老年糖尿病患者的用藥依從性具有十分重要的意義。有學者提出以患者的感受為核心基礎的健康信念模式，認為患者主觀感受患某病的危害越高時，采取遵從醫囑行為的可能性越大，認為采取遵守醫囑行為將獲得利益時，依從性越高[1-2]。為此筆者對43例老年糖尿病患者進行護理干預，并與常規護理組進行用藥依從性的比較，取得了滿意的療效，現報道如下。……