[摘要] 目的 總結股骨粗隆部骨折幾種內固定手術治療的效果,并對其優缺點及應用方法進行比較分析。方法 開放手術復位并分別以股骨近端解剖鋼板 、DHS及Gamma釘進行內固定。 結果 手術93例,優71例,良16例,差6例,優良率93.5%。 結論 股骨大粗隆部骨折行開放復位+內固定手術治療是一種理想的治療方法,能有效的降低傷后并發癥,并盡可能的恢復患肢功能。
[關鍵詞] 股骨粗隆部骨折;開放手術;內固定材料
[中圖分類號] R683.42 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 2095-0616(2012)21-178-02
Surgery effect of 93 cases with internal fixation operation for femoral trochanteric
ZHU Jifeng
Bone Surgery, the Second Hospital of Chibi City, Chibi 437300, China
[Abstract] Objective To summarize the surgery effect of several internal fixation operation for femoral trochanteric fractures and comparative analysis the advantages and disadvantages and application methods. Methods Open surgery were reset and femoral proximal anatomical plate, DHS, DCS and Gamma nail for internal fixation. Results There were 93 patients in surgery, 71 patients had the excellent results, treatment result of 16 patients was good, 6 patients had the poor results, the excellent and good rate were 93.5%. Conclusion Femoral great trochanter fracture line of open reduction and internal fixation surgery is an ideal treatment, can effectively reduce complications after injury, and as far as possible restore limb function.
[Key words] Femoral trochanteric fractures; Open surgery; Internal fixation materials
股骨粗隆部骨折是老年人常見損傷,高齡患者較多。由于粗隆部位血運豐富,骨折后很少不愈合,但較容易發生髖內翻畸形[1]。患者長期臥床易發生肌肉萎縮、關節僵硬等并發癥影響肢體功能,一旦發生血栓栓塞、肺部感染、褥瘡、尿路感染等嚴重并發癥,往往會危及生命。及時進行手術復位,施以有效的內固定,便于患肢早期下床活動,最大限度地恢復患肢功能。筆者通過總結股骨粗隆部骨折幾種內固定手術治療的效果,并對其優缺點及應用方法進行比較分析。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
筆者所在醫院2001~2010年共收治93例股骨粗隆部骨折患者。其中,男42例,女51例,年齡25~80歲,70歲以上患者23例,中位年齡56歲。骨折按A0分型:A1型42例、A2型40例、A3型11例。傷后平均脛骨結節骨牽引5日后行開放復位+內固定手術,其中:股骨近端解剖鋼板治療54例;DHS治療34例;Gamma釘治療5例。
1.2 手術方法
麻醉后患者仰臥于牽引床上,患肢持續牽引,以C型臂X光機透視證實位置良好。視所選擇內固定的情況作切口切開軟組織進行內固定,術中切勿過多追求完美對位而過多剝離骨膜、破壞血運,只要骨折對位、對線好,固定牢固即可。……