膳食與運動指導對老年人骨骼健康的影響

膳食與運動指導對老年人骨骼健康的影響

于偉 臧煥 畢曉舒 于兵

1.長春中醫藥大學附屬醫院手術室，吉林長春 130021；2.長春中醫藥大學附屬第二醫院理療科，吉林長春 130021；3.長春市口腔醫院口腔內科，吉林長春 130021；4.吉林大學第一醫院分院泌尿外科，吉林長春130021

[摘要]目的 探討膳食與運動指導對老年人骨骼健康的影響。 方法 采用自身對照法，對50名老年人進行膳食與運動指導，包括營養配餐，運動等相關知識專題講座，小組討論和個體化評估。干預前后分測定老年人的超聲骨密度和骨質疏松程度。 結果 干預后老年人骨強度指數高于干預前（P<0.05），骨質差異亦具有統計學意義（P<0.05）。 結論 膳食與運動指導對老年人的骨骼健康具有積極效果。

[關鍵詞]膳食與運動；老年人；健康

[中圖分類號] R161 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 2095-0616（2012）21-164-02

Effects of diet and exercise guidance on old people's bone health

YU Wei1 ZANG Huan2 BI Xiaoshu3 YU Bing4

1.Operating Room，Affiliated Hospital of Changchun College of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Changchun 130021，China； 2.Department of Physiotherapy，the Second Hospital Affiliated to Changchun College of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Changchun 130021，China；3.Department of Oral Medicine，Changchun Oral Cavity Hospital，Changchun 130021，China；4.Deparrment of Urinary Surgery，the Branch of First Hospital of Jilin University，Changchun 130021，China

[Abstract] Objective To Explore the effects of dietary and exercise guidance on elderly skeletal health. Methods 50 old peoples were received diet and exercise guidance，which includes forums and lectures about nutrition recipe and exercise by self-compare method. Ultrasound bone mineral density and osteoporosis of old peoples were determined before and after intervention. Results The aged bone strength index after intervention were higher than those before intervention（P<0.05）. There was statistics significance of bone difference（P<0.05）. Conclusion Dietary and exercise guidance on the older people's bone health has positive effects.

[Key words] Dietary and exercise；Elderly people；Health

隨著社會老齡化和家庭結構的演變，老年人的生命健康得到社會關注。骨質疏松癥是目前最常見的全身性骨代謝病，被稱為是“無聲無息的流行病”[1]。人體骨密度在20～30歲達峰，后便呈逐年下降趨勢。進入老年，運動量小，消化系統功能下降，鈣攝入不足等導致骨質疏松，受外力作用時會出現骨折或疼痛。因此，增進膳食與運動是老年人保健的重要內容，學者們不提倡大量食用鈣片，而倡導鈣及營養的供給應盡可能取之于食物，多戶外運動，通過陽光照射來提高對鈣的吸收[2]。在此基礎上還不能滿足的情況下再給予鈣劑。本研究探討以個體化膳食與運動指導為主的老年人營養指導對骨骼健康的影響。……