[摘要] 目的 探討食管癌合并糖尿病患者的圍術期護理注意事項。 方法 對72例食管癌合并糖尿病患者給予嚴格正確的圍手術期護理,降低并發癥的發生。 結果 72例患者中,2例發生吻合口瘺,其中1例死亡;3例發生脂肪液化、切口感染,其中1例切口裂開,重新縫合;1例出現重癥肺部感染;1例出現胃壁壞死。其余患者均未發生并發癥。 結論 精心的圍術期護理是手術成功及患者康復的有力保障。
[關鍵詞] 食管癌;糖尿病;護理
[中圖分類號] R473.73 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 2095-0616(2012)21-128-02
Perioperative nursing of 25 cases with esophageal cancer associated with diabetes mellitus
LU Hongyan WANG Xiaochen
The People's Hospital of Jiangyin City in Jiangsu Province, Jiangyin 214400, China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the announcements of esophageal cancer patients with diabetes mellitus in perioperative nursing . Methods 72 cases of esophageal cancer patients with diabetes mellitus were treated with the perioperative nursing strictly to reduce the occurrence of complications. Results 2 cases had anastomotic fistula.1 case was dead.There were 3 case of fat liquefaction and infection of incision.1 case appeared severe pulmonary infection.1 cases were severed pulmonary infection. There was 1 cases in the gastric wall necrosis. The rest of the patients had no complications. Conclusion Careful perioperative nursing is successful surgery and rehabilitation of patients with powerful guarantee.
[Key words] Esophageal cancer; Diabetes; Care
食管癌在我國發病率及死亡率呈上升趨勢,是上消化道常見的惡性腫瘤之一,手術是治療食管癌的有效方法[1]。合并糖尿病的患者因其自身機體抵抗力低下,糖代謝紊亂,手術死亡率及術后并發癥的發生率明顯高于無糖尿病患者,而且手術切口愈合慢,易感染性增加。因此必須重視圍術期護理,以提高手術成功率,減少術后并發癥的發生。本研究對筆者所在醫院2002年1月~2012年1月入院治療食管癌伴糖尿病手術的52例患者給予嚴格正確的圍手術期護理,降低并發癥的發生,現報道如下。
1 臨床資料
本組患者72例,男41例,女31例,年齡51~79歲;入院時空腹血糖大多在6.8~8.5 mmol/L,9.1~11.0 mmol/L以上的26例。餐后血糖大多在10.8~18.4 mmol/L,超過20 mmol/L的4例。根據美國1997年糖尿病協會(ADA)提出的糖尿病新診斷標準,確診為2型糖尿病。手術后有2例患者發生吻合口瘺,其中1例死亡;3例發生脂肪液化、切口感染,其中1例切口裂開,重新縫合;1例出現重癥肺部感染;1例出現胃壁壞死,行倒插胃管,空腸造瘺。……