英語新課程改革的重點是:“改變英語課程過分重視語法和詞匯知識的講解與傳授、忽視對學生實際語言運用能力的培養的傾向,強調課程從學生的學習興趣、生活經驗和認知水平出發,倡導體驗、實踐、參與、合作與交流的學習方式和任務型的教學途徑,發展學生的綜合語言運用能力。”我認為,從新課改的重點看,沒有淡化語法,而是強調了語法學習的方法。我在幾年的教學過程中,摸索出幾條用理科思維做語法題的方法。
一、“消元法”解決強調句
例如:It is in the village I studied 10 years ago.
把It is和 消掉,即為I studied in the village 10 years ago.該句子成立,則該句子是強調句,空上應填that.
注意:(1) It was 2:00 he came back.
(2) It was at 2:00 he came back.
上述兩句基本形式相似,若用該方法解決,可以看出:句(1) He came back 2:00.是不成立的,因此不是強調句,用that不對,用when完成。句(2)經過消元法后成為He came back at 2:00是成立的,因此是強調句,用that完成。
二、用“代入法”解決定語從句
將先行詞代入定語從句中去,看它充當什么成分,再選擇合適的關系詞。
1.(2011湖南卷)Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of she spoke fluently.
解題方法:先行詞為German, French and Russian,將先行詞代入非限制性定語從句中去,即She spoke German, French and Russian fluently.其中German, French and Russian充當賓語,則用which。
2.(2011福建卷)It was April 29,2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
代入法:Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony on April 29,2011.其中on April 29,2011做時間狀語,因此,題中的空用when完成。
三、“規律法”解決名詞性從句(劃分句子成分法)
名詞性從句中有一個常用解題規律:劃分從句的句子成分。若從句中少主語、賓語、表語(特殊情況除外)指物,一律用what(ever).
例如:1.(2011湖南卷)Before a problem can be solved,it must be obvious the problem itself is.該句中it做形式主語, the problem itself is做真正主語,該主語從句中少表語,指物,用what。
2.(2011陜西卷)I’d like to start my own business—that’s I’d do if I had the money. 該表語從句 I’d do中少賓語,指物,用what。
3.(2011南京二模)I don’t know the future holds in store for me,but I’ll face the storms of life bravely. 該賓語從句 the future holds in store for me中少賓語,指物,用what。