摘要[目的]為HSCi法在雜交水稻高產穩產性分析中應用的可行性提供科學依據。[方法]采用高穩系數法,對2013年度長江上游中秈遲熟組A組國家水稻品種區域試驗匯總報告進行綜合分析和評價。參試11個水稻品種分別為竹優1013、鵬兩優187、瀘優257、內香5A/川恢907、T優1655、瑞華218、德香047A/R4923、Ⅱ優838、天龍優1375、綠優4923、德潤1A/金恢8023。試驗點分布在16個地區 ,分別為黔東南、黔西南、貴州貴陽、貴州遵義、陜西漢中、四川巴中、四川廣元、四川綿陽、四川內江、四川瀘縣、四川雙流、云南紅河、云南文山、重慶涪陵、重慶巴南、重慶萬州。[結果]HSCi分析結果表明,具有高產、穩產性的品種有德香047A/R4923、綠優4923、德潤1A/金恢8023、瀘優257及內香5A/川恢90。HSCi綜合體現了參試品種高產與穩產性,完全可表達出Si、CV的測度,在水稻區域試驗中對其高產穩產性的評估具有極高的可靠性與實用性。[結論]德香047A/R4923、綠優4923、德潤1A/金恢8023、瀘優257及內香5A/川恢90屬高產、穩產品種。同時也證實HSCi法比方差分析更能客觀反映水稻品種高產穩產性,計算更為簡單。
關鍵詞雜交水稻;區域試驗;高穩系數
中圖分類號S511文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2014)24-08134-02
Analysis of High Yield and Yield Stability of Hybrid Rice Cultivars by Using High Stability Coefficient Method
YANG Tao et al(Wanzhou District Seed Management Station, Chongqing 404000)
Abstract[Objective] The aim was to provide a scientific basis for the feasibility of application of High Stability Coefficient Method(HSCi method) in high yield and yield stability analysis of rice. [Method] The summary report of national rice cultivars regional test of A group of the indica and late mature group in the upper Yangtze river in 2013 were analyzed and evaluated comprehensively by HSCi method. The 11 tested rice cultivars were Zhuyou 1013, Penglaingyou 187, Luyou 257, Neixiang 5A/Chuanghui 907, Tyou 1655, Ruihua 218, Dexiang 047A/R4923, Ⅱyou 838, Tianlongyou 1375, Lvyou 4923, Derun1A/Jinhui 8023, resp.. The 16 tested points were the southeast of Guizhou, the southwest of Guizhou, Guiyang of Guizhou, Zunyi of Guizhou, Hanzhong of Shaanxi, Bazhong of Sichuan, Guangyuan of Sichaun, Mianyang of Sichuan, Neijiang of Sichuan, Lu county of Sichuan, Shuangliu of Sichuan, red river of Yunnan, Wenshan of Yunnan, Fuling of Chongqing, Banan of Chongqing, Wanzhou of Chongqing. [Result] The analysis results by HSCi method showed that the hybrid rice cultivars with high yield and good quality were Dexiang 047A/R4923, Lvyou 4923, Derun1A/Jinhui 8023, Luyou 257 and Neixiang 5A/Chuanghui 907, resp.. HSCi method embodied the high yield and yield stability of tested cultivars synthetically, gave fully expression to the measure of Si and CV, had extremely high reliability and practicability to evaluate rice high yield and yield stability in rice regional test. [Conclusion] Dexiang 047A/R4923, Lvyou 4923, Derun1A/Jinhui 8023, Luyou 257 and Neixiang 5A/Chuanghui 907 belong to high yield and good quality cultivars. At the same time, the study also proves that HSCi method better objectively reflects the high yield and good quality rice cultivars than variance analysis, and its calculation is more simple.
Key wordsHybrid rice; The regional test; High Stability Coefficient Method
通過區域試驗從中篩選出既高產又穩產的雜交水稻品種,是區域試驗的主要目標。以前,對于參加區域試驗的品種,一般都用品種的平均產量較對照增產的百分數估算產量水平,用標準差(Si)、變異系數(CV)或回歸系數估測產量穩定性,用新復極差法測定參試品種之間產量差異大小,忽略了品種產量是由遺傳性和環境因素互作的結果,因此所得到的穩產性和高產性是兩個互不相干的結論,對生產指導性較差[1]。溫振民等提出并在玉米育種中試用了高穩系數法(High Stability Coeffieient Method),使高產性與穩產性參數得到有機結合,可以用一個指標綜合準確地反映品種的高產穩產性[2]。張可亮在花生育種中也得到了成功應用[3]。該研究應用溫振民等提出的高穩系數(HSCi)與通用分析法進行比較,為HSCi法應用的可行性提供科學依據。
1材料與方法
1.1材料試驗資料來自2013年度長江上游中秈遲熟組A組國家水稻品種試驗匯總報告[1]。參試品種11個,分別為竹優1013、鵬兩優187、瀘優257、內香5A/川恢907、T優1655、瑞華218、德香047A/R4923、Ⅱ優838、天龍優1375、綠優4923、德潤1A/金恢8023,以Ⅱ優838為對照。試驗分布在16個不同生態區域(黔東南、黔西南、貴州貴陽、貴州遵義、陜西漢中、四川巴中、四川廣元、四川綿陽、四川內江、四川瀘縣、四川雙流、云南紅河、云南文山、重慶涪陵、重慶巴南、重慶萬州)。試驗點最低海拔180 m,最高海拔1 280 m。各試驗點執行統一試驗方案,田間試驗采用隨機區組設計,3次重復,各試點不同品種平均產量見表1。
1.2方法
3結論
該研究結果表明,高穩系數權衡了高產與穩產兩方面的統計參數,所以用它評價水稻品種在不同試點的高產穩產性是具有科學意義的,同時,通過分析與比較,HSCi法比方差分析法在計算上更為簡單、易懂。
參考文獻
[1] 全國農業技術推廣服務中心,中國水稻研究所.中國水稻新品種試驗:2013年南方稻區國家水稻品種試驗匯總報告[M].北京:中國農業科學技術出版社,2013.
[2] 溫振民,張永科.用高穩系數法估算玉米雜交種高產穩產性的探討[J].作物學報,1994,20(4):508-512.
[3] 張可亮.應用高穩系數法分析花生新品種高產穩產性[J].中國油料,1997(2):8-9.
[4] 俞世蓉.作物的品種適應性和產量穩定性[J].作物雜志,1991(1):36-37.