鄧呈遜等
摘 要:本研究從銅陵新橋礦區(qū)的高硫礦堆廢水中分離一株嗜酸菌S t1,經(jīng)生理生化特征及16S rDNA分子鑒定,確定其為嗜酸性氧化亞鐵硫桿菌。該菌株分別在含有FeSO4·7H2O、S0、黃鐵礦石顆粒(FeS2)的9K無機(jī)鹽液體培養(yǎng)基中獲得生長(zhǎng)所需要的能量。結(jié)果嗜酸菌S t1對(duì)Fe2+氧化速率最快,培養(yǎng)到36h時(shí)溶液中44.1g·L-1 FeSO4·7H2O有95%被氧化;S0為能量底物的培養(yǎng)體系中,培養(yǎng)到26d時(shí)培養(yǎng)液中SO42-濃度達(dá)到2.241 2 mg·mL-1,pH值降至1.18;黃鐵礦石顆粒(FeS2)為能量底物的培養(yǎng)體系中,SO42-平均生成速率為1.360 2 mmol·L-1·d-1,黃鐵礦石顆粒氧化速率達(dá)到0.068mmol·d-1·g-1。
關(guān)鍵詞:嗜酸氧化亞鐵硫桿菌;分離;氧化活性
中圖分類號(hào) X172 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 1007-7731(2014)11-27-04
Abstract:A strain of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was isolated from the acid mine drainage of Xinqiao Coal Mine, Tongling county. Strain S t1 was identified as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans by morphological and phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rDNA gene sequence. Its oxidation activity with ferrous ion(Fe2+)、elemental sulfur(S0) and pyrite (FeS2)as substrates in 9K medium was studied. When the A.f strain was cultured in 9K mediun with 44.1g·L-1 FeSO4·7H2O as the substrates, 95%of the FeSO4·7H2O was oxidized in 36h. When the A.f strain was cultured in 9K mediun with S0 as the substrates, 2.241 2 mg·mL-1 SO42- concentration, pH value 1.18 was observed in 26d. When the A.f strain was cultured in 9K mediun with FeS2 as the substrates, the average rate of SO42- product was 1.360 2mmol·L-1·d-1,The rate of oxidation of FeS2 was 0.068 mmol·d-1·g-1.
Key words:Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans;Isolation;Oxidation activity
嗜酸性氧化亞鐵硫桿菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,A.f)等礦山酸性廢水微生物通過對(duì)硫化物礦物的生物氧化作用,加速了酸性礦排水(Acid Mine Drainage,AMD)的形成及重金屬元素等有害物質(zhì)的釋放,對(duì)礦山周邊土壤和水體等生態(tài)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重的酸性水與重金屬污染[1-3]。因此,研究礦山環(huán)境微生物對(duì)其所處環(huán)境介質(zhì)的氧化作用,對(duì)礦山AMD環(huán)境防治等有著重要的意義[4]。自Colmer等[5]1947年首次從礦山酸性廢水中分離得到1株A.f以來,對(duì)這一類群微生物的篩選及應(yīng)用成為環(huán)境領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。由于該類微生物存在生物多樣性,對(duì)生物脫硫、生物浸礦、重金屬脫除等不同的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域需使用相應(yīng)生物學(xué)特征的菌株,因此分離、收集特定地域環(huán)境中的高效微生物,對(duì)加強(qiáng)相關(guān)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的研究顯得非常重要。在A.f菌的應(yīng)用過程中,硫、亞鐵離子的生物氧化被認(rèn)為是非常關(guān)鍵的環(huán)節(jié)[6]。鑒于此,本……