寓教于樂語法教學實踐及思考

[摘要]語法教學在英語教學中占有舉足輕重的地位。語法教學不應是枯燥的規則講解加上機械的句型操練。在新課程標準的理念下， 教師應致力于把語法教學與學生語言運用能力的提高有機地結合起來， 針對不同的教學內容、教學對象， 設定不同的教學目標并采用不同的教學任務和教學方法， 激發學生的學習興趣，讓學生積極地參與到學習過程當中，這樣才能發展學生的綜合運用語言能力。

[關鍵詞]語法教學寓教于樂語境定語從句

[中圖分類號]G633.41[文獻標識碼]A[文章編號]16746058（2015）040009

語法是中學英語教學的重要內容之一，對語法的考查貫穿高考英語試卷，語法教學在英語教學中也占有舉足輕重的地位。沒有語法規則的規范和修飾，學生很難成為地道的英語使用者。而在語法教學中要顯出其趣味性，這一直是英語教學者為之頭痛的問題。在語法課中如何更好地發揮學生的主觀能動性和積極性，增強師生之間的互動，使抽象的語法變得通俗易懂，從而增強學生的英語交際能力？筆者針對這一個值得廣大教師深入探討的問題，以筆者自己所上的一節公開課NSEFC Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes的語法教學為實例，談談英語語法教學的一些做法及體會。

一、課堂設計及其說明

Earthquakes單元的中心話題是“地震”，內容涉及“中國唐山地震的不眠之夜”、“美國舊金山1906年地震”、“地震后重建的新唐山”、“地震的基本知識”、“在地震或突遇的災難中如何自救、救人”等。本單元的語言知識和技能都是緊密圍繞這一主題進行設計的。“語言學習”（Learning about language）部分由“詞匯學習” 和“語法學習”兩項內容組成。“語法學習”部分主要是幫助學生了解、熟悉并初步掌握由關系代詞（that， which， who， whose）引導的定語從句。基于以上分析，將語法教學進行如下設計：

Task 1.Leadin

此環節是語法教授前的“熱身運動”，教師根據定語從句這一核心內容，在課堂伊始，以學生熟悉的事物導入，用PPT展示含有定語從句的句子，讓學生進行猜測游戲。

1.He is a popular ChineseAmerican basketball player who/that plays on one of NBA Teams， Huston Rockets.

2.He was an American famous singer， whose skin was changed from black to white.

3.He is the first black American who/whom/that the American people have elected as president for a second term.

4.It is a flower which/that Obama sends to his wife to show his love.

5.It is a kind of rice noodles which/that is popular in Nanning.

6.It is a mountain which/that stands near our school.

7.It is a city which/that is well known for its green surroundings and beautiful folk songs.

（設計說明：以學生熟悉的事物作為導入，不但拉近了教師與學生的距離，調動了學生參與課堂的積極性，而且巧妙地把學生的思維活動引導到即將開展的主題上。）

Task 2.Presentation

Enjoy some proverbs with the Attributive Clause.

1.God helps those who help themselves.

2.All that glitters is not gold.

3.He who laughs last laughs best.

4.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

5.Dont cut down the tree which gives you shade.

（設計說明：教師用5個含有定語從句的諺語讓學生欣賞，雖是英文的表達，卻是學生耳熟能詳的中國諺語。學生在這一環節中都表現出很高的熱情。同時還可以在比較真實的情境中豐富學生的語言知識，并且讓學生初步體驗到定語從句不只是課本上的語法，它完全可以運用到日常生活當中描寫平日所見的人和物。）

Task 3. Discover

1.Learn the structure of the Attributive Clause.

What is the Attributive Clause？ （名詞/代詞+定語從句）

Enjoy a song named Thats Why（Give the lyrics to the students） to distinguish the Attributive Clause.

Thats Why （You Go Away）

Sung By “Michael Learns to Rock”

Baby， wont you tell me why there is sadness in your eyes

I dont wanna say goodbye to you

[作者簡介]徐永霞，中學英語一級教師，南寧市教學骨干，2012、2013年廣西中小學外語教學教研先進個人。2011年獲廣西高中英語教學能手課堂評比最佳教學設計獎，2012年獲第八屆全國高中英語課堂教學觀摩研討活動課例評選及現場課例展示一等獎。

Love is one big illusion that I should try to forget

But there is something left in my head

Youre the one who set it up

Now youre the one to make it stop

Im the one whos feeling lost right now

Now you want me to forget every little thing that you said

But there is something left in my head

I wont forget the way that youre kissing

The feelings so strong

Well lasting for so long

But Im not the man that your heart is missing

Thats why you go away， I know

（設計說明：教師將之前猜測游戲和諺語中出現的含有定語從句的句子全部展示在PPT上，學生非常直觀地觀察所給例句。通過大量例句的輸入和教師的提示，學生輕松地歸納出定語從句的語法結構。在聽歌辨定從的環節中，學生置身于歌曲的世界，一邊欣賞一邊辨認，在輕松愉悅的狀態下非常容易便完成了該任務。）

2.Learn the usage of the relative pronouns： which， who， whom， that， whose.

在這一環節中，教師運用不同的方式再次呈現猜測游戲、諺語和歌曲中出現的含有定語從句的句子并配上與學生日常生活和課本內容有關的練習，如：

（1）Dont cut down the tree which/that gives you shade.

= Dont cut down the tree.

The tree gives you shade.

（2） It is a flower which/that Obama sends to his wife to show his love.

= It is a flower.

Obama sends the flower to his wife to show his love.

（3）He is a popular ChineseAmerican basketball player who/that plays on one of NBA Teams， Huston Rockets.

= He is a popular ChineseAmerican basketball player.

The ChineseAmerican basketball player plays on one of NBA Teams， Huston Rockets.

（4）Im not the man who/whom/that your heart is missing.

= Im not the man.

Your heart is missing the man.

（5）Giraffe is an animal whose neck is very long.

= Giraffe is an animal.

Giraffes neck is very long.

（6）M.J. was an American famous singer， whose skin was changed from black to white.

= M.J.was an American famous singer.

M.J.s skin was changed from black to white.

練習：

1.Wenchuan is the place was destroyed by an earthquake on May 12，2008.

2.English is a language is spoken around the world.

3.The number of people in Tangshan were killed or seriously injured reached over 400，000.

4.Sun Yang is a sportsman is the first Chinese to win the Olympic gold medal in swimming.

5.Nelson Mandela is a great black man people around the world think highly of .

6.Anne best friend was her diary was a Jewish girl.