蔡冬梅


摘要 對近10年大連站瀝青下墊面溫度觀測數據年、月數據進行分析,并對不同天空狀況條件下的特種地溫、地面溫度和氣溫進行了對比,結果表明:特種地溫溫度變化最為劇烈,地溫與之相近,而氣溫變化較平緩;三者的差異在14:00最大達17 ℃,8:00、20:00差值較小;晴天和多云天氣條件下各時次特種溫度與氣溫的差值相差不大,14:00都約為20 ℃,而陰天條件下兩者差值相對較小,14:00僅為12 ℃;8:00、20:00各種天空狀況條件下,三者溫度相差均不明顯。此結論可以在特種地溫訂正預報中加以應用,也可以在考慮特種路面作業時作為參考。
關鍵詞 特種地溫;地面溫度;氣溫;天空狀況;溫度差值;遼寧大連
中圖分類號 P423 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 1007-5739(2015)12-0240-02
Characteristics Analysis on Summer Special Ground Temperature in Dalian Area
CAI Dong-mei
(Meteorology Bureau of Dalian City in Liaoning Province,Dalian Liaoning 116001)
Abstract Based on the yearly and monthly asphalt underlying surfaces temperature data,special ground temperature were analyzed compared with ground temperature and air temperature under different sky conditions,The result showed that the most special geothermal temperature changes drastically,which were close to ground temperature,but the temperature change was mild;The differences of maximum up to 17 ℃ at 14:00,difference values were smaller at 8:00 and 20:00;In the sunny and cloudy weather conditions,differences between special temperature and the temperature were not significant,about 20 ℃ at 14:00,and in cloudy conditions differences were relatively not significant,only 12 ℃ at 14:00;Under various conditions at 8:00,20:00,three temperature differences were not obvious.This conclusion could be applied in the special ground temperature forecast amendment,could also be used as a reference when considering the special pavement operation.
Key words special ground temperature;ground temperature;temperature;air condition;temperature differential value;Dalian Liaoning
隨著城市的發展,水泥和瀝青路面部分地取代了以往的自然狀態下墊面,從而導致城市小氣候環境發生明顯變化[1-2],為了探索不同類型下墊面溫度變化的規律,各地相繼開展了不同下墊面的特種溫度觀測項目。大連地區6個縣市區氣象局于2002年、2011年7—9月開展了瀝青下墊面溫度觀測(簡稱特種地溫)。由于特種地溫歷史資料序列較短,關于特種地溫的時空變化規律研究較少,而不同氣象條件下特種地溫與地面溫度、氣溫的相關性研究還是空白,本文利用大連站2002年、2011年7—9月的瀝青下墊面溫度以及地溫、氣溫資料,研究其變化規律,分析不同天空狀況條件下特種地溫與氣溫、地溫的關系,對于科學利用特種地溫的變化規律,加強精細化氣象服務有重要的科學意義和現實價值。……