骨劈開、牙槽嵴擴張結合GBR技術同期上頜前牙區種植的臨床效果

[摘要] 目的 探討骨劈開、牙槽嵴擴張結合GBR技術同期上頜前牙區種植的臨床效果。方法 便利選取2011年1月—2015年6月該院收治的96例上前牙種植區剩余骨量不足的患者采用骨劈開、牙槽嵴擴張結合GBR技術治療，1年隨訪后評定治療效果。結果 術后初期、術后3個月、術后1年牙槽骨高度分別為（10.25±1.19）、（9.35±1.24）、（9.15±1.19）mm，ISQ分別為（76.88±4.51）、（91.88±4.91）、（92.98±2.19）。種植前牙槽骨唇腭向平均寬度為（3.2±0.3）mm，、治療后平均增加骨量、牙槽骨唇腭向平均寬度分別為（4.4±0.1）、（7.5±0.2）mm。修復后1個月、修復后3個月、修復后1年滿意度評分分別為（72.2±5.1）分、（90.4±5.3）分、（92.4±7.3）分。術后3個月和術后初期的牙槽骨寬度、牙槽骨高度比較結果差異有統計學意義（P<0.05），但術后1年與之相比，差異無統計學意義（P>0.05）；種植后牙槽骨唇腭向平均寬度和平均增加骨量與種植前相比，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）；術后1年的滿意度評分、種植體穩定性評分與術后初期進行統計比較，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 骨劈開、牙槽嵴擴張結合GBR技術同期上頜前牙區種植可取的理想的短期治療效果，但需進一步觀察和評定遠期療效。

[關鍵詞] 牙槽嵴擴張；骨劈開；GBR技術

[中圖分類號] R783.6 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742（2016）12（b）-0082-03

Bone Cleft and Alveolar Ridge Expansion Combined with GBR Technique in the Simultaneous Maxillary Anterior Area Implantation

LI Zheng-quan

Putian City in Fujian Province HanJiang Hospital， Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery， Putian， Fujian Province，351111 China

[Abstract] Objective To observe the clinical effect of bone resorption， alveolar ridge expansion combined with GBR technique in the simultaneous implantation of maxillary anterior teeth. Methods Convenient selection in January 2011 to June 2015， 96 cases of our hospital to tooth belt less residual bone were treated by bone split， alveolar ridge expansion GBR technology treatment， to evaluate the therapeutic effect after 1 year follow-up. Results The height of alveolar bone was （10.25 ± 1.19）， （9.35 ± 1.24）， （9.15 ± 1.19）mm， and ISQ was （76.88 ± 4.51） mm at the beginning of operation， 3 months after operation and 1 year after operation， respectively， （91.88 ± 4.91） and （92.98 ± 2.19）， respectively. The mean width of the alveolar bone and palate was （3.2 ± 0.3）mm， and the mean bone width was （4.4 ± 0.1）mm and （7.5 ± 0.2）mm， respectively. The satisfaction score was （72.2 ± 5.1）points， （90.4 ± 5.3）points， （92.4 ± 7.3）points after one month， three months after repair and one year after repair. There was no significant difference in the alveolar bone width and alveolar bone height between the three months after operation and the early postoperative period（P> 0.05）， but there was no significant difference（P> 0.05） The mean width and average bone mass of the posterior alveolar lips were significantly different from those before implantation（P<0.05）. The postoperative satisfaction score and implant stability score at 1 year were significantly different from those before implantation Statistical difference， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Bone cleft and alveolar ridge expansion combined with GBR technique are ideal for short-term treatment of maxillary anterior area implantation. However， long-term effects should be further observed and evaluated.

[Key words] Alveolar ridge expansion； Bone cleft； GBR technique

近年來廣大患者日益增高的種植美學期望值促使口腔種植技術得到了很大的改進與完善，為滿足視覺效果，患者希望修復體的牙齦形態、牙槽豐滿度以及色澤、外形等都可達到天然牙的標準。然而牙周病、外傷或炎癥導致的上頜前牙缺失會明顯改變牙槽骨吸收改建，這會導致上頜前牙缺失的牙槽嵴更加狹窄，刃狀牙槽嵴是患者的典型癥狀表現?！?br>