
[摘要] 目的 探討腎移植術后監護期出現譫妄的臨床分析及應對措施。方法 方便選取該院2013年1月—2016年6月腎移植術后于監護期進行抗排斥治療34例患者為研究對象,運用ICU 患者意識模糊評估法(Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit,CAM-ICU CAM-ICU)對移植術后監護期抗排斥治療的患者進行譫妄的評估,篩選出譫妄患者,并根據譫妄的臨床癥狀和病因分析進行藥物與非藥物的應對措施。 結果 腎移植術后于監護期進行抗排斥治療34例患者中有14.71%(5/34)出現譫妄,分析其原因,由疾病因素引起的有8.82%(3/34),由藥物和環境因素引起各2.94%(1/34),疾病因素相比,差異無統計學意義(P>0.05);根據出現譫妄的原因給予疾病治療、使用鎮靜藥、停藥或加藥、半開放探視等應對措施均使譫妄好轉。結論 CAM-ICU能有效的對譫妄進行評估,對腎移植術后監護期的患者給予護理干預措施,可以減少譫妄等并發癥的發生,促進患者恢復健康。
[關鍵詞] 腎移植;譫妄;CAM-ICU;病因
[中圖分類號] R5 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-0742(2016)12(b)-0140-037
Clinical Analysis and Countermeasures of Delirium Monitoring Period Appeared After Renal Transplantation
ZHENG Rui
Guangdong General Hospital Oral Renal Transplantation(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province,510080 China
[Abstract] Objective Clinical analysis and countermeasure study of delirium monitoring period after renal transplantation. Methods In our hospital from January 2013 to June 2016,Convenient selection 34 patients were treated with anti rejection therapy after kidney transplantation. Fuzzy evaluation method with ICU (Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive consciousness Care Unit, CAM-ICU CAM-ICU) for the assessment of delirium after transplantation monitoring period of anti rejection therapy patients, selected patients with delirium, and analysis of drug and non drug measures according to clinical symptoms and causes of delirium. Results After renal transplantation in the monitoring period of anti rejection therapy in 34 cases, 14.71%(5/34) delirium, analyse the reasons caused by the disease factor 8.82% (3/34), the 2.94% caused by drug and environmental factors (1/34), disease factors compared, no significant difference (P>0.05); According to the causes of delirium to disease treatment, the use of sedative drugs, semi open withdrawal or dosing, measures such as the visitation of delirium better. Conclusion CAM-ICU can effectively evaluate the delirium of given nursing intervention care of patients after renal transplantation can reduce delirium complications and promote patients recovery.
[Key words] Renal; Transplantation; CAM-ICU ;Cause delirium
無法辨認指示,產生幻聽、妄想和錯覺,作息不規律,睡眠障礙等[2]。該文通過對該院2013年1月—2016年6月間收治的34例腎移植術后監護期進行抗排斥治療的患者出現譫妄的評估并根據原因進行應對措施,取得良好的效果,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
方便選取該院2013年1月—2016年6月腎移植術后于監護期進行抗排斥治療34例患者為研究對象,男26例,女8例,年齡20~65歲,平均年齡(41.16±4.57)歲,監護時間10 d,平均住院時間(21.56±2.12) d,均沒有精神異常的病史和定向障礙,均在全麻下擬急診進行同種異體腎移植術。……