柳亞芬 張鳳格



【摘要】目的:探究與分析巨大兒發(fā)生相關(guān)因素及分娩方式選擇。方法:選取我院自2015年1月至2015年7月收治的120例巨大兒作為觀察組,另選擇同期收治的正常體重新生兒120例作為對照組,對比兩組孕產(chǎn)婦合并癥、分娩方式、分娩期并發(fā)癥。結(jié)果:觀察組與對照組相比,頭盆不稱、妊高征、羊水較少、胎位異常及糖尿病發(fā)生率均明顯偏高(P<0.05)。觀察組與對照組相比,產(chǎn)后出血、軟產(chǎn)道裂傷、新生兒窒息、臂叢神經(jīng)損傷及肩難產(chǎn)發(fā)生率均明顯偏高(P<0.05)。觀察組與對照組相比自然分娩率較低,產(chǎn)鉗助產(chǎn)率及剖宮產(chǎn)率較高(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:對于巨大兒的發(fā)生需做好積極有效的預(yù)防措施,明確產(chǎn)前診斷,選擇合理的分娩方式,以減少母兒并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率。
【關(guān)鍵詞】巨大兒;分娩方式;并發(fā)癥;相關(guān)因素
Related factors of macrosomia and childbirth choiceLIU Yafen, ZHANG Fengge. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Shunyi District Maternal and Children Health Care Hospital, Beijing 101300, China
【Abstract】Objectives: To explore the related factors of macrosomia and delivery mode choices. Methods: 120 macrosomia treated in our hospital from January 2015 to July 2015 were selected as observation group, and 120 normal newborns in the same period were selected as control group. The maternal complications, delivery methods, childbirth complications of the two groups were compared. Results: The incidence of cephalopelvic disproportion, pregnancy induced hypertension, abnormal amount of amniotic fluid, abnormal fetal position and diabetes was higher in observation group than control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, soft birth canal laceration, neonatal asphyxia, and shoulder dystocia, brachial plexus injury was higher in observation group than control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The rate of natural delivery was lower while forceps midwifery rates and cesarean section rate was higher in observation group, all with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions: Positive and effective preventive measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of macrosomia, and prenatal diagnosis is also necessary to choose reasonable way of delivery and reduce the incidence of complications.
【Key words】Macrosomia; Childbirth way; Complications; Related factors
【中圖分類號】R714.43【文獻標志碼】A
巨大兒(fetal macrosomia)是指新生兒出生后1h內(nèi)體重等于或大于4000g者,其發(fā)生發(fā)展原因與生活水平提高、產(chǎn)婦孕期營養(yǎng)過剩相關(guān),對母嬰健康造成了諸多威脅,易導(dǎo)致陰道分娩困難,產(chǎn)后出血、DIC、膀胱功能障礙、子宮脫垂、新生兒窒息等并發(fā)癥[1,2]。因此,對于巨大兒發(fā)生相關(guān)因素進行分析,選擇適當?shù)姆置鋾r機及分娩方式至關(guān)重要。現(xiàn)我院就收治的120例巨大兒作為觀察組,將其與正常體重新生兒進行對比。結(jié)果總結(jié)報告如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選取我院自2015年1月至2015年7月收治的120例巨大兒作為觀察組,納入標準:全部產(chǎn)婦在孕前及孕期未患有重要的臟器疾??;新生兒無出生缺陷;簽署了關(guān)于本次試驗的知情權(quán)同意書[3],產(chǎn)婦年齡在23~30歲,平均年齡為(26.5±1.1)歲,孕周在37~42周,平均孕周為(39.5±1.6)周,新生兒體重在4000~4500g,平均新生兒體重為(4250.2±50.6)g,新生兒性別男67例,女53例。另選擇同期收治的正常體重新生兒120例作為對照組,產(chǎn)婦年齡在25~32歲,平均年齡為(27.7±1.2)歲,孕周在38~41周,平均孕周為(40.2±1.5)周,新生兒體重在3000~3900g,平均新生兒體重為(3290.5±60.9)g,新生兒性別男69例,女51例?!?br>