B型超聲對人工流產術后患者異常陰道出血的診斷價值分析

王維春 羅翠娟 楊莉芬

【摘要】目的：探討B型超聲對人工流產術后患者異常陰道出血的診斷價值。方法：隨機選取于2013年1月至2014年6月前來我院和惠州市中心人民醫院接受治療的行人工流產術后陰道異常出血患者各53例作為本次研究實驗對象，根據入院時間先后將患者分成觀察組54例和對照組52例，對照組患者入院后進行常規護理干預，觀察組患者在此基礎上聯合B型超聲檢查，觀察并記錄異常出血原因，記錄兩組患者止血時間和各時間點的出血量，分析比較。結果： 觀察組患者經B超檢查后，有28例（51.85%）患者是由于組織殘留，清宮不凈引起的異常出血，10例是宮內感染造成，4例患者子宮穿孔，6例患者子宮縮復不良，6例子宮腔積血。觀察組3d后有4例患者無出血情況發生，無10d以上出血患者，對照組10d以上出血的仍有12例，兩組比較有統計學意義（P<0.05）。術后兩組患者出血量相差不大，但3d后觀察組患者出血量明顯少于對照組患者，兩組比較有統計學意義（P<0.05）；觀察組6d后出血量顯著減少，組間比較有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論：B型超聲能及早診斷行人工流產術后陰道異常流血患者的出血原因，有利于醫生了解子宮內情況，采取相應的對癥治療措施，減少出血量，縮短止血時間，有利于患者子宮早期恢復，提高生活質量，值得廣泛推薦使用于臨床當中。

【關鍵詞】人工流產；陰道異常出血；影響因素；B型超聲；診斷價值

The diagnostic value of B-mode ultrasound and related factors on artificial abnormal vaginal bleeding after abortionWANG Weichun1， LUO Cuijuan1， YANG Lifen2. 1. B ultrasonic Room， Huizhou City First Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital， Huizhou 516001， China； 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology， Huizhou Central Hospital， Huizhou 516001， China

【Abstract】Objectives： To study the diagnostic value of B-mode ultrasound and related factors on artificial abnormal vaginal bleeding after abortion. Methods： 106 patients received routine artificial abortion with abnormal vaginal bleeding from January 2013 to June 2014 were selected and divided into observation group （n=54） and control group （n=52） according to the admission time. Patients in the control group received routine nursing intervention while the observation group received additional B-mode ultrasound examination. The causes of abnormal bleeding in observation group and the hemostatic time and bleeding amount in the two groups were recorded and analyzed. Results： 28 patients （51.85%） in the observer group had abnormal bleeding due to tissue residues and incomplete curettage； 10 patients were caused by intrauterine infection， 4 patients by uterine perforation， 6 patients by poor uterus recovery and 6 cases by uterine hemorrhage. Four patients did not have bleeding in the observation group three days later， and no patients had bleeding 10 days later， while 12 cases had bleeding in the control group. Difference between the two groups was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The postoperative bleeding amount of the two groups was similar but that of the observation group was much less than that of the control group， with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. The amount of bleeding of observation group significantly reduced 6 days later， with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. Conclusion： B-mode ultrasound can diagnose the causes for abnormal vaginal bleeding after induced abortion， which helps the doctors better understand the situation to take appropriate symptomatic treatment measures so as to reduce the amount of bleeding， shorten bleeding time， and help early recovery of patients， which is worth widely recommended in clinical.

【Key words】Induced abortion； Abnormal vaginal bleeding； Influencing factors； B-mode ultrasound； Diagnostic value

【中圖分類號】R445.1【文獻標志碼】A

近年來，我國主動行人工流產術的患者越來越多，人工流產術即人為終止妊娠，在妊娠不超過14周時，通過手術、藥物等取出胎兒或者使胎兒死亡，也稱為“墮胎”[1]。由于人流手術相對安全，成功率較高，方便、快捷，是避孕失敗的主要補救措施[2]。然而，由于人流引起的陰道異常出血情況也較常見，不利于女性身體恢復[3]。我院欲探討人工流產術后患者異常陰道出血的相關因素及應用B型超聲診斷的價值，特作探究試驗。現報道如下。

1材料與方法