櫻桃結果母枝長度與其開花習性的相關性

章敏+金方倫

摘 要：為了摸清影響櫻桃開花習性的內在因素及機理，并為提高栽培管理水平提供理論依據，連續3年（2013—2015年）對櫻桃結果母枝長度與開花習性的相關性進行調查研究。（1）相關系數分析結果顯示：櫻桃結果母枝長度與總芽量、萌芽量、葉芽量、總花芽量和總花量等指標之間呈高度正相關，與2朵花芽量、3朵花芽量、4朵花芽量、2朵花量、3朵花量和4朵花量等指標之間呈顯著正相關，與萌芽率之間呈正相關。（2）對結果母枝長度與總芽量、萌芽量、葉芽量、萌芽率、2朵花芽量、3朵花芽量、4朵花芽量、總花芽量、2朵花量、3朵花量、4朵花量和總花量等指標作回歸分析，發現結果母枝長度與萌芽率之間存在差異極顯著，與2朵花芽量和2朵花量等指標之間存在差異顯著，與其他指標之間存在差異不顯著；櫻桃結果母枝長度與總芽量、總花芽量和總花量等指標之間形成的回歸方程的（R）都符合二次曲線回歸方程。研究認為：（1）可以把櫻桃結果母枝長度作為衡量花芽量和花量等的特征之一；（2）可以通過調查櫻桃結果母枝長度和回歸方程來預測各類花芽量和各類花量等指標。

關鍵詞：櫻桃；結果母枝；長度；開花習性；相關性

中圖分類號：S662.5 文獻標識碼：A DOI 編碼：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.06.018

Abstract： In order to investigate the internal factors influencing the cherry flowering habit and its mechanism， and to provide theoretical basis to improve the management level of cultivation， the relationship between the cherry mother branch length and flowering habit was studied from 2013 to 2015. （1） The results of correlation analysis showed that there was highly positive correlation between the cherry results female branch length and the total amount of bud， bud， leaf bud amount， total amount of flower bud and total amount， and there is significantly positive correlation between， such as flower bud with 2 measure， 3 flower bud， four flower bud amount， 2， 3 flower market flower measuring and four flower quantity index， and positive correlation between germination rate.（2） The results of regression analysis （the results female branch length and the total amount of bud， bud， leaf bud， flower bud germination rate and 2 measure， 3 flower bud， four flower bud amount， total amount of flower bud， 2 measure， 3 flower， four flower quantity and total amount indicators） showed that there was extremely significant difference between the result mother branch length and germination rate， a significant difference between the flower bud and 2 flowers such as indicators， no significant difference between the amount and other indicators. The R of regression equation of the results， cherry results branch length and the total amount of bud， total amount of flower bud and total amount indicators were in line with the conic regression equation. It is concluded that the cherry result mother branch length could be used as one of the characteristics to measure the quality of the flower bud as well as the flower， and by investigating the cherry results female branch length and the regression equation various indiced such as flower buds as well as the all kinds of flowers could be predicted.

Key words： cherry；fruit shoot；length；flowering habit；correlation

櫻桃（Cerasus prunus spp.） ，隸屬薔薇科（Rosaceae）李屬（Prunoideae）。目前，世界上栽培較普遍的櫻桃種類有歐洲甜櫻桃（Cerasus avium）、歐洲酸櫻桃（Cerasus ceraus L.）、中國櫻桃（Cerasus pseudocerasus）、毛櫻桃（Cerasus tomentosa）等。甜櫻桃（Prunus avium L）是薔薇科李屬櫻桃亞屬植物，原產于歐洲及亞洲西部，主要分布在北半球溫帶地區，是集生態效益、經濟效益和社會效益于一身的落葉果樹樹種之一。……