運用主謂一致原則快速培養農村學生的英語思維

一、筆者發現漢語思維頑固阻礙學生英語思維的形成

表現在80到90幾分（滿分120）的初中生經常寫出下列錯句：

①He and I am good at music；②He cans play the piano；③He want join we.（He want 屬于主謂一致錯誤；want join we屬于非謂與代詞錯誤）；④Near my home have zoo.（學生不知英語句子的特點是：主在前，謂在中，地點時間后面沖+名動形副代數變）

二、那么兩種思維的差異在哪

（1）在地點表達上的差異：英語思維→由點到面，由小到大He is in Beijing，China now.中式思維→由面到點，由大到小，他現在在中國北京。

（2）在句子結構上的差異：① 英語的地點狀語，時間狀語后置，英語思維：主在前，謂在中，地點時間后面沖。“我每天在學校看見他。”這樣的句子，英語順序要調整，——“我看見他\"是骨干，“在學校，每天\"則放句尾。所以這句的英語是：I see him at school every day.②英語中一個形容詞作前置定語：The tall boy is Tom.多個詞作定語時后置：The boy in blue is Tom.

（3）在語調上的差異：在讀英語句子時，就是名詞動詞形容詞這些主要詞匯重讀等。

三、如何消除漢語思維對英語思維的負面影響

筆者認為運用主謂一致的11個基本原則就能快速培養農村初中生的英語思維，達到能寫正確英文句子的目的！闡述如下：

（1）主謂一致一級目錄：①代詞作主語。A：人稱代詞；B：不定代詞。② 名詞作主語。A：可數名詞；B：不可數名詞。③非謂語動詞作主語。A：to do；B：doing。④主語從句。⑤數詞做主語。⑥定語從句的謂語隨先行詞走。⑦倒裝。⑧就近原則（there be/or/either..or/neither..nor/not only..but also）。⑨就遠原則（with/along with/together with）。⑩the+形容詞/the+分詞。

（2）主謂一致二級目錄：①代詞作主語。A人稱代詞：I 用am，you用are，is跟著he，she，it。還有this和that，所有復數都用are，外加these 和those。如That is ok.這沒問題。B不定代詞+單數謂語。如：Everyone is here.Everything goes well.②名詞作主語。A：可數名詞：The man is tall and strong.The men are from the UK.B：不可數名詞：Some water is in the glass.③非謂語動詞作主語A：不定式to do 作主語+單數謂語：To see is to believe.用it代替to do放句首：It is difficult to answer this question.B：doing多用單數謂語：Exercising is good for us.Swimming is cool in summer.④主語從句+單數謂語：What he needs is time.What I need is time，too.⑤數詞做主語可看情況：One and two is three.（結果只有一個用單數謂語）70% students are from China.⑥定語從句的謂語隨先行詞走：The men who are sitting in the room come from the UK.He is one of my friends who are working hard./He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.⑦倒裝：在倒裝句中，謂語動詞的數應與其后的主語一致。如：There comes the bus./ On the wall are many pictures. /Such is the result./ Such are the facts.倒裝：Here comes the bus！（全倒裝）Here you are！（部分倒裝）.⑧就近原則（there be/or/either..or/neither..nor/not only..but also）There is a man and some girls there./Neither they nor he is wholly right./Is neither he nor they wholly right？⑨就遠原則（with/along with/together with）A man with some girls is standing there./Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground./She，like you and Tom，is very tall.⑩the+形容詞/the +分詞（表某一類人，相當于名詞）+復數謂語；the+形容詞： The blind are well cared for in our country.The+分詞： The unemployed usually lead a hard life.