李光毅 玄甜甜


摘 ? 要:目的 ?探討亞段及單一段肺栓塞的臨床特征、高危因素、治療及預后。方法 ?分析我院收治的60例累及亞段及單一段肺栓塞患者的危險因素、臨床表現、動脈血氣分析、D-二聚體、栓塞部位,比較單一段及亞段肺栓塞的臨床特征及預后。結果 ?60例患者中累及單一段36例,累及亞段24例。累及亞段或單一段的肺栓塞患者臨床表現不典型,主要包括呼吸困難、心絞痛樣胸痛、心悸、胸膜炎樣胸痛、咳嗽,其中8.33%無臨床癥狀。單一段組呼吸困難發生率為80.56%,高于亞段組的45.83%(P<0.05)。栓塞部位累及右肺多見。60例患者中合并高血壓病(48.33%),糖尿病(18.33%),COPD(6.67%),腦卒中(10.00%),腫瘤(8.33%),心衰(11.67%),房顫(13.33%),高脂血癥(38.33%),冠心病(23.33%),感染性疾病(3.33%),手術、外傷、骨折(11.67%),下肢靜脈曲張(5.00%),合并DVT(16.67%)。單一段組肺泡動脈氧分壓差、D-二聚體陽性率均高于亞段組(P<0.05)。結論 ?累及亞段或單一段的肺栓塞臨床表現多樣,血漿D-二聚體敏感性不高,抗凝治療總體預后良好。
關鍵詞:單一段肺栓塞;亞段肺栓塞;周圍型肺栓塞
中圖分類號:R563.5 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.24.029
文章編號:1006-1959(2018)24-0105-03
gate the clinical features, risk factors, treatment and prognosis of sub-segment and single-stage pulmonary embolism. Methods ?To analyze the risk factors, clinical manifestations, arterial blood gas analysis, D-dimer and embolization sites of 60 patients with partial and partial pulmonary embolism admitted in our hospital. The clinical features and prognosis of single segment and sub-segmental pulmonary embolism were compared. Results ?Among the 60 patients, 36 cases were involved in a single segment, and 24 cases were involved in the sub-segment. Patients with pulmonary embolism involving sub-segment or single segment have atypical clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, angina pectoris, palpitations, pleurisy-like chest pain, and cough, of which 8.33% have no clinical symptoms. The incidence of dyspnea in a single group was 80.56%, which was higher than that in the subgroup 45.83% (P<0.05). The embolization site is more common in the right lung. 60 patients with hypertension (48.33%), diabetes (18.33%), COPD (6.67%), stroke (10.00%), tumor (8.33%), heart failure (11.67%), atrial fibrillation (13.33% ), hyperlipidemia (38.33%), coronary heart disease (23.33%), infectious disease (3.33%), surgery, trauma, fracture (11.67%), varicose veins of the lower extremities (5.00%), combined with DVT (16.67%) . The partial pressure difference of the alveolar arteries and the positive rate of D-dimer in the single segment group were higher than those in the sub-segment group (P<0.05). Conclusion ?The clinical manifestations of pulmonary embolism involving sub-segment or single segment are diverse, plasma D-dimer sensitivity is not high, and the overall prognosis of anticoagulation therapy is good.
Key words:Single pulmonary embolism;Sub-segmental pulmonary embolism;Peripheral pulmonary embolism
肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)是內源或外源性栓子堵塞肺動脈或其分支引起的肺循環和呼吸功能障礙的臨床和病理生理綜合癥。目前將段及段以下的肺栓塞統稱為周圍型肺栓塞(peripheral pulmonary embolism,PPE),約占肺栓塞的20%[1],其中累及亞段或單一段的“小肺栓塞”發生率更低,其臨床意義也尚不明確,同時表現隱匿,不易被臨床發現,易漏診誤診導致嚴重并發癥。本研究利用病例檢索系統,連續收集我院2014年1月1日~2017年12月31日診治的累及亞段或單一段的肺栓塞病例60例,旨在探討累及亞段或單一段肺栓塞的臨床特征及預后規律,為亞段或單一段肺栓塞的診斷和治療提供新思路。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料 ?利用病例檢索系統,連續收集山東大學齊魯醫院2014年1月1日~2017年12月31日診治的累及亞段或單一段的肺栓塞病例60例。本研究經過我院倫理會批準。其中男性26例,女性34例,年齡35~87歲,平均年齡(46.78±13.37)歲。……