趙慶君
[摘要] 對于無痛人工流產術所采取的傳統操作通常是在自視下實施,主要憑借術者自身的閱歷以及手感,可是在自視下較難做好臨床帶教。要改善臨床帶教效果,要優選科學的無痛人流術帶教方法,指導實習人員把握人流綜合癥鑒別標準和關鍵的手術時間節點。無痛人工流產術帶教的主要優勢是不但填補了傳統帶教中自視操作的空白,而且還使帶教教師能借助超聲屏幕,清晰的查看孕囊以及子宮的具體位置、了解實際宮腔深度,指引醫學生精準的操作,并可動態的隨時查看宮腔內部出現的各種改變,密切監測吸刮物的效果,消除了諸多隱患。B超監護在應用條件上沒有較高的要求,大部分醫院都能實施,有著很大的普及價值,實際效果顯著。
[關鍵詞] 計劃生育帶教;無痛人流術;臨床帶教;教學方法
[中圖分類號] R4 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654(2018)01(b)-0097-02
Application Value of Painless Artificial Abortion in the Clinical Teaching
ZHAO Qing-jun
Department of Family Planning, Changchun Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130000 China
[Abstract] The traditional operation adopted by the painless artificial abortion is usually implemented by themselves, mainly relying on the patients own experience and feel, in order to improve the clinical teaching effect, we should select the scientific painless artificial abortion teaching method, guide the interns to master the differentiation standards of abortion syndrome and key operation time nodal points, the major advantage of painless artificial abortion can not only fill in the blank of self-operation in the traditional teaching but also make the teachers clearly orient the specific place of gestational sac and uterus, master the actual intrauterine depth, guide the precise operation of medical students, dynamically examine various changes of the internal shape of the endometrial cavity at any time, closely monitor the effect of curettage and aspiration, and eliminate most hidden dangers. B ultrasound monitoring has no higher requirement for application conditions, and most hospitals can conduct it, and it is of greatest promotion value and has an obvious practical effect.
[Key words] Family planning teaching; Painless artificial abortion; Clinical teaching ;The teahing method
對于無痛人工流產術所采取的傳統操作通常是在自視下實施的,主要憑借術者自身的閱歷以及手感,可是在自視下較難做好臨床帶教[1]。該院近年來就已逐步的在臨床帶教之中融入了B超監護下實施的無痛人工流產術操作,填補了以往帶教中在自視操作上的空白,這樣,就能動態地、清晰地查看宮腔內的具體狀況,以便對術者的操作給予引導,極大地改善了帶教效果。
1 優選科學的無痛人流術帶教方法
該院選擇了CTS-3300 B這種新型的超聲儀,所用的探頭頻率達到了3.2 MHz,帶教中的詳細操作流程如下:在術前對患者實施麻醉,并適度豐盈其膀胱,使子宮底部能剛好顯現,如果遇到危急的現象,可將生理鹽水200~400 mL進行膀朧灌注。操作人員要坐在患者的右側,并在其下腹位置涂抹適量的耦合劑,以能清楚地顯現孕囊、以及子宮頸與子宮體的實際位置為宜,且連續的移動探頭以做到術中全程觀察[2]。借助B超來引導并觀察吸管、擴宮器、以及探針等進入宮頸所處宮腔的具體方位、屈曲度、以及深度,且指明吸管進至孕囊所處的位置。還要正確指引吸管逐步吸收孕囊、以及所有蛻膜組織,對手術全程實施監護[3]。帶教教師借助B超屏幕就可全面而準確地知曉宮腔內的實際操作細節,并能知曉宮腔內全部容物的具體位置、以及所用工具的實際動作、方位與深度,在清楚地展現宮腔線之后,醫學生就中止操作,由帶教教師以專用的刮匙輕微而細心的搔刮宮腔內壁后,完成整個手術。然后,認真查看吸出組織并確以為絨毛。指導實習人員將手術所用的時長、人流綜合征、以及術中出血量等內容全部記錄,并于術后注意隨訪月經恢復狀況、以及陰道流血總時長、并了解近期宮腔粘連、感染與殘留狀況。