謝優優 陳星 吳素芳 楊海華


[摘要] 目的 探討小劑量紫杉醇周療聯合放療與單純放射治療中晚期宮頸癌的療效和毒副反應。 方法 回顧性分析我院近年來收治的144例中晚期宮頸癌患者的臨床資料。兩組同樣的放療方法及劑量,同步放化療組給予紫杉醇40 mg/m2周療,共6次,比較兩組的治療效果及不良反應。 結果 同步放化療組的有效率、3年生存率、局部復發率、遠處轉移率分別為90.8%、77.8%、11.8%、7.9%,單純放療組的有效率、3年生存率、局部復發率、遠處轉移率分別為69.1%、57.7%、20.6%、16.2%,兩組差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。兩組不良反應發生率差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。 結論 放療加紫杉醇周療能提高中晚期宮頸癌的療效和生存率,毒副反應與單純放療組相比無明顯增加。
[關鍵詞] 宮頸癌;紫杉醇;周療;放療
[中圖分類號] R737.33? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701(2019)16-0085-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the efficacy and side effects of low-dose paclitaxel weekly therapy combined with radiotherapy and radiotherapy alone for middle and advanced cervical cancer. Methods The clinical data of 144 patients with middle and advanced cervical cancer admitted in our hospital in recent years were retrospectively analyzed. The same radiotherapy method and dose were given in the two groups. The concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy group was given paclitaxel 40 mg/m2 weekly therapy for a total of 6 times. The therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared. Results The effective rate, 3-year survival rate, local recurrence rate, and distant metastasis rate of the concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy group were 90.8%, 77.8%, 11.8%, and 7.9%, respectively. The effective rate, 3-year survival rate, local recurrence rate, and distant metastasis rate of the radiotherapy group were 69.1%, 57.7%, 20.6%, and 16.2%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant between the two groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse toxic side effects between two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Radiotherapy and paclitaxel weekly therapy can improve the efficacy and survival rate of middle and advanced cervical cancer, and the toxicity and side effects of the combined treatment are not significantly increased compared with those in the radiotherapy alone group.
[Key words] Cervical cancer; Paclitaxel; Weekly therapy; Radiotherapy
宮頸癌是最常見的婦科惡性腫瘤之一,近年來發病率無明顯下降趨勢,發病年齡逐漸年輕化,部分患者發病時已經處于局部晚期,嚴重危害了女性的身心健康[1-2]。手術和放療是主要的治療方法,中晚期宮頸癌的治療效果差,5年生存率為40%~50%[3],主要原因是遠處轉移和局部復發。近年來,隨著新化療藥物的不斷開發及給藥途徑和方法的改進,化療已逐漸成為宮頸癌綜合治療的一個重要組成部分。紫杉醇是一種廣譜抗腫瘤藥物,在宮頸癌治療方面的研究也倍受關注[4-7]。本研究采用小劑量紫杉醇每周化療聯合放療治療局部晚期宮頸癌患者,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
對2007年1月~2010年1月本院收治的144例一般情況均良好,無明顯心、肝、腎功能異常的初治局部晚期宮頸癌患者的臨床資料進行回顧性分析,所有病例均經宮頸活檢病理確診。其中同步放化療組76例,年齡27~79歲,中位年齡57.5歲,病理類型為鱗癌70例,腺癌6例,根據國際婦產科聯盟(international federation of gynecology and obstetrics,FIGO)標準,臨床分期Ⅱb期30例,Ⅲ期43例,Ⅳa期3例。單純放療組68例,年齡34~81歲,中位年齡60歲,病理類型為鱗癌65例,腺癌3例,FIGO臨床分期Ⅱb期35例,Ⅲ期32例,Ⅳa期1例。兩組患者的年齡、分期和病理類型差異無統計學意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。
本院減少化療藥物劑量及縮短化療間隔時間并同步放療,降低了住院費用及時間,減少了藥物毒性,提高療效。因此,本研究認為,使用小劑量紫杉醇(40 mg/m2)每周化療聯合放療可提高近期療效及3年生存率,且并不增加毒副反應,不失為一種較有發展景途的治療方法,但最佳的宮頸癌化療藥物及劑量仍有待進一步對比研究。
[參考文獻]
[1] Chatterjee S,Chattopadhyay A,Samanta L,et al. HPV and cervical cancer epidemiology-current status of HPV Vaccination in India[J]. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2016, 17(8):3663-3673.
[2] Elmajjaoui S,Ismaili N,El KH,et al. Epidemiology and outcome of cervical cancer in national institute of Morocco[J]. BMC Womens Health,2016,16(1):62.
[3] 郎景和,沈鏗,向陽,等.臨床婦科腫瘤學[M].北京:人民衛生出版社,2003:81.
[4] 劉少曉,程曉燕,鄭紅楓,等. 紫杉醇聯合順鉑新輔助治療局部晚期宮頸癌的臨床療效及安全性評價[J]. 中國臨床藥理學雜志,2015,31(6):432-434.
[5] Umayahara K,Takekuma M,Hirashima Y,et al. Phase Ⅱ study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly cisplatin and paclitaxel in patients with locally advanced uterine cervical cancer:The JACCRO GY-01 trial[J]. Gynecol Oncol,2016,140(2):253-258.
[6] Salihi R,Leunen K,Moerman P,et al. Neoadjuvant weekly paclitaxel-carboplatin is effective in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱcervical cancer[J]. Int J Gynecol Cancer,2017,27(6):1256-1260.
[7] Mabuchi S,Isohashi F,Okazawa M,et al. Chemoradiotherapy followed by consolidation chemotherapy involving paclitaxel and carboplatin and in FIGO stage IIIB/IVA cervical cancer patients[J]. J Gynecol Oncol,2017, 28(1):e15.
[8] Julka PK,Doval DC,Gupta S,et al. Response assessment in solid tumours:A comparison of WHO,SWOG and RECIST guidelines[J]. Br J Radiol,2008,81(966):444-449.
[9] 曹澤毅.中華婦產科學[M].第2版.北京:人民衛生出版社,2004:1917-1918.
[10] 殷蔚伯,余子豪,徐國鎮,等.腫瘤放射治療學[M].第5版.北京:中國協和醫科大學出版社,2018:1789-1790.
[11] Frumovitz M,Querleu D,Gil-Moreno A,et al. Lymphadenectomy in locally advanced cervical cancer study (LiLACS):Phase Ⅲ clinical trial comparing surgical with radiologic staging in patients with stages IB2-IVA cervical cancer[J]. J Minim Invasive Gynecol,2014,21(1):3-8.
[12] 文思敏,于多,呂欣,等. 紫杉醇聯合順鉑與單藥順鉑2種同步放化療方案對中晚期宮頸癌患者預后的影響及安全性評價[J]. 吉林大學學報(醫學版),2017,43(5):1002-1008.
[13] Teow HM,Zhou Z,Najlah M,et al. Delivery of paclitaxel across cellular barriers using a dendrimer-based nanocarrier[J]. Int J Pharm,2013,441(1-2):701-711.
[14] Miglietta L,Franzone P,Centurioni MG,et al. A phase Ⅱ trial with cisplatin-paclitaxel cytotoxic treatment and concurrent external and endocavitary radiation therapy in locally advanced or recurrent cervical cancer[J]. Oncology,2006,70(1):19-24.
[15] Alberts DS,Blessing JA,Landrum LM,et al. Phase Ⅱ trial of nab-paclitaxel in the treatment of recurrent or persistent advanced cervix cancer:A gynecologic oncology group study[J]. Gynecol Oncol,2012,127(3):451-455.
[16] Monk BJ,Sill MW,McMeekin DS,et al. Phase Ⅲ trial of four cisplatin-containing doublet combinations in stage IVB,recurrent,or persistent cervical carcinoma:A gynecologic oncology group study[J]. J Clin Oncol,2009,27(28):4649-4655.
[17] Walker JL,Morrison A,DiSilvestro P,et al. A phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ study of extended field radiation therapy with concomitant paclitaxel and cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with cervical carcinoma metastatic to the para-aortic lymph nodes:A gynecologic oncology group study[J]. Gynecol Oncol,2009,112(1):78-84.
[18] Kim K,Chie EK,Wu HG,et al. Efficacy of paclitaxel and carboplatin as a regimen for postoperative concurrent? chemoradiotherapy of high risk uterine cervix cancer[J]. Gynecol Oncol,2006,101(3):398-402.
[19] Wang X,Shen Y,Zhao Y, et al. Adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT) with concurrent paclitaxel and cisplatin in cervical cancer patients with high risk factors:A phase II trial[J]. Eur J Surg Oncol,2015,41(8):1082-1088.
[20] Wang W,Hou X,Yan J,et al. Outcome and toxicity of radical radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy for? elderly cervical cancer women[J]. BMC Cancer,2017,17(1):510.
[21] 劉鑫麗,姚秀英,李世春,等. 順鉑同步放化療與單純放療治療中晚期宮頸癌療效比較[J]. 山東醫藥,2014,(44):81-82.
(收稿日期:2018-11-18)