中關村40年發展的“新史記”

從來沒有像今天這樣，一個村子能夠這么有名、這樣引起全世界的關注。

這個村子就是北京的中關村。

今天的中關村，早已成為中國科技的制高點和創新文化的策源地，成為中國最閃亮的名片。

2018年是中國改革開放40年，也是中關村創新發展40年。中關村更可以看作是中國改革開放40年最有代表性、最具說服力的標桿和樣本。

今天的中關村，從中科院物理所研究員陳春先于1978年受美國舊金山硅谷的啟發，提出建立“中國的硅谷”的構想，并于1980年10月23日創辦了中關村第一個民營科技公司，到以“兩通兩海”為代表的中關村電子一條街，再到全國第一個科技園區一一北京市新技術產業開發試驗區，如今已經發展為“一區十六園”，即北京市有一個中關村科技園區，16個城區各有一個分園。所以，你走到北京市的每個角落，總能看見中關村的身影。

看看中關村近幾年的閃光腳印吧！

2013年9月30日，中共中央總書記習近平代領政治局全體成員，走出紅墻，來到中關村集體學習，明確提出中關村要充當好全國創新驅動的示范。

2015年和2016年，李克強總理在全國大力倡導的“大眾創業、萬眾創新”熱潮中，頻頻提到中關村，并兩次走進中關村創業大街和中關村展示中心。

2017年，中關村高新技術企業已經達到了兩萬多家，總收入達到5.3萬億人民幣，這還僅是貢獻給北京的收入。以中關村300多家上市公司為例，中關村企業貢獻給外地收入占到80%。

2017年，中關村的獨角獸企業達到了70家，占據了全國一半，全球的近四分之一。獨角獸企業即近5年左右發展起來的創新型企業，企業估值達到10億美元以上。

2017年11月2日，美國《福布斯》雙周刊網站公布了2017年度全球最大科技城市排名，北京位列第一，柏林和舊金山分列第二、三名，并將北京的中關村科技園列為全球第一。

40年來，中關村誕生了聯想、四通、方正、用友、紫光、新東方、新浪、百度、搜狐、京東、360、小米、美團、滴滴、今日頭條等數萬家高新技術企業，中關村走出了陳春先、王洪德、柳傳志、段永基、王選、王永民、王文京、俞敏洪、李彥宏、劉迎建、張朝陽、雷軍、鄧中翰、周鴻祎、尹衛東、俞孔堅、劉強東、王興、程維等一大批創新英雄，哺育出四通打字機、聯想電腦、王碼五筆、方正照排、用友軟件、新東方英語培訓、漢王電紙書、金山軟件、小靈通、文曲星、新浪網、搜狐網、百度搜索、神州飛船、京東商城、美團點評、小米手機、滴滴出行等自主創新品牌，拉近了與世界先進科技的距離，成為中國人民的不可或缺。

為什么是中關村？中關村是怎么走來的？這是一個讓全世界驚奇和感興趣的話題。

海淀區委黨校歷時一年半時間，搜集整理了大量文獻資料，編撰出版了《中關村創新發展40年》一書。這是迄今為止第一部全面反映中關村自主創新示范區核心區40年發展過程的文獻性史料書籍，可以稱為中關村40年發展的“史記”，殊為難得。當翻閱完這部沉甸甸的新“史記”，或許對你了解“為什么是中關村？中關村是怎么走來的？”能夠有所裨益。

需要指出的是，這部中關村40年發展新“史記”主要是編年體的文獻資料匯集，許多人物、企業、事件的敘述，缺乏故事性的展開，可讀性明顯不足。當然，這或許是另一部著作的角色了，時間和體量上也很難短期內完成。

The \"New History\" of Zhongguancun's 40-year development

Wei Hanqing

Never before， as in today， a village can be so famous， which has drawn worldwide attention.

This village is Zhongguancun in Beijing.

Today's Zhongguancun has already become the commanding height of China's science and technology and the source of innovation culture，and has become China's most shining business card.

2018 is China's 40 years of reform and opening up， and it is also the 40 years of innovation and development of Zhongguancun.Zhongguancun can be seen as the most representative and persuasive benchmark and sample of China's 40 years of reform and openingup.

Today's Zhongguancun， a researcher from the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences， Chen Chunxian was inspiredby the Silicon Valley of San Francisco in 1978 to propose the idea of establishing \"China's Silicon Vally\". On October 23， 1980， hefounded the first private technology company in Zhongguancun. Zhongguancun Electronic Street， represented by \"two links and twoseas\"， and then the first science and technology park in the country-Beijing New Technology Industry Development ExperimentalZone， has now developed into \"One District 16 Park\"， that is， Beijing has A Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park has a sub-park in each of the 16 urban districts. Therefore， when you walk to every corner of Beijing， you can always see Zhongguancun.Take a look at the flash footprints of Zhongguancun in recent years！

On September 30， 2013， Xi Jinping， the general secretary of the CPC Central Committee， led all members of the Political Bureau to walkout of the red wall and come to Zhongguancun to study collectively， clearly stating that Zhongguancun should act as a model for national innovation drive.

In 2015 and 2016， Premier Li Keqiang frequently mentioned Zhongguancun in the“Volkswagen Entrepreneurship and Innovation\"campaign， which was vigorously advocated by the country， and went into Zhongguancun Venture Street and Zhongguancun ExhibitionCenter twice.

In 2017， Zhongguancun high-tech enterprises have reached more than 20，000， with a total revenue of 5.3 trillion yuan， which is onlycontributed to Beijing's income. Taking more than 300 listed companies in Zhongguancun as an example， Zhongguancun enterprises contributed 80% of their income to the outside world.

In 2017， Zhongguancun's unicorn companies reached 70， accounting for half of the country and nearly a quarter of the world. The unicorn company， an innovative company that has developed in the past five years or so， has a corporate valuation of more than $1 billion.

On November 2， 2017， the US Forbes biweekly website published the world's largest technology city ranking in 2017. Beijing ranked first，Berlin and San Francisco ranked second and third， and Beijing Zhongguancun Science Park was listed as The world's first.

In the past 40 years， Zhongguancun has produced tens of thousands of high-tech enterprises such as Lenovo， Stone， Founder，UF， Ziguang， New Oriental， Sina， Baidu， Sohu， Jingdong， 360， Xiaomi， Meituan， Didi， and Today's headlines. Zhongguancun hascome out. Chen Chunxian， Wang Hongde， Liu Chuanzhi， Duan Yongi， Wang Xuan， Wang Yongmin， Wang Wenjing， Yu Minhong，Li Yanhong， Liu Yingjian， Zhang Chaoyang， Lei Jun， Deng Zhonghan， Zhou Hongyi， Yin Weidong， Yu Kongjian， Liu Qiangdong，Wang Xing， Cheng Wei， etc. Four-way typewriter， Lenovo computer， Wang code five strokes， Founder photo， UF software， NewOriental English training， Hanwang electronic paper book， Jjinshan software， PHS， Wenquxing， Sina.com， Sohu.com， Baidu search，Shenzhou spaceship， Jingdong Mall， The independent innovation brands such as the US Mission Review， Xiaomi Mobile， andDidi Travel have narrowed the distance from the world's advanced technology and become indispensable to the Chinese people.Why is Zhongguancun？ How did Zhongguancun come？ This is a topic that surprises and is of interest to the world.The Haidian District Party School lasted for a year and a half， collected and compiled a large amount of literature， compiled and published the book \"Zhongguancun Innovation and Development for 40 Years\". This is the first documentary historical material book that comprehensively reflects the 40-year development process of the core area of the Zhongguancun IndependentInnovation Demonstration Zone. It can be called the“Historical Records\" of Zhongguancun's 40-year development. It is rare. Whenyou read through this heavy new \"Historical Records\"， you may know \"Why is Zhongguancun？ How did Zhongguancun come？\"It should be pointed out that the new \"Historical Records\" of Zhongguancun's 40-year development is mainly the collection of literature materials of the chronicles. Many people， enterprises， and events are narratives， lacking storytelling， and the readability is obviously insufficient. Of course， this may be the role of another book， and it is difficult to complete it in time and volume.ZGC