鐘冬賜 詹思延



[摘要] 目的 系統評價國內外采用生酮飲食治療糖尿病患者的效果,從而更好地為糖尿病患者的飲食管理和綜合治療提供循證依據。 方法 通過檢索PubMed、Cochrane Library、EMbase、Sinomed、萬方醫學網、維普網等數據庫,收集國內外對糖尿病患者使用生酮飲食治療的隨機對照試驗(RCT),試驗組給予低碳生酮飲食,對照組給予低卡路里食物或者平板健康餐,對所納入的文獻采用Jadad評分進行質量評價,使用Review Manager5.3軟件進行Meta分析。將試驗組和對照組的糖化血紅蛋白含量、體重、甘油三酯水平等結局指標進行比較。 結果 該次Meta分析共納入文獻7篇,其中試驗組200例病例,對照組155例病例。Meta分析結果顯示,試驗組糖化血紅蛋白含量低于對照組[MD=-0.50,95%CI(-0.70,-0.30),P<0.01];試驗組體重低于對照組[MD=-8.07,95%CI(-10.73,-5.40),P<0.01];試驗組甘油三酯水平低于對照組[MD=-29.05,95%CI(-45.50,-12.71),P<0.01]。 結論 生酮飲食是一種能夠有效降低糖尿病患者糖化血紅蛋白含量,減輕體重,降低甘油三酯水平的膳食療法。
[關鍵詞] 糖尿病;生酮飲食;Meta分析
[中圖分類號] R587.2? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1672-4062(2020)01(b)-0032-05
[Abstract] Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy of ketogenic diet in the treatment of diabetic patients at home and abroad, so as to provide evidence-based evidence for dietary management and comprehensive treatment of diabetic patients. Methods A randomized controlled trial (RCT) of ketogenic diet for diabetic patients was collected by searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Sinomed, Wanfang Medical Network, and VIP. The trial group was given a low-carbon ketogenic diet. The control group was given low-calorie food or flat-table healthy meal, and the included literature was evaluated by Jadad score, and the review was performed using Review Manager5.3 software. The outcome measures such as glycated hemoglobin content, body weight, and triglyceride levels in the test group and the control group were compared. Results A total of 7 articles were included in the meta-analysis, including 200 cases in the experimental group and 155 cases in the control group. Meta-analysis showed that the glycated hemoglobin content of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group [MD=-0.50, 95% CI(-0.70, -0.30), P<0.01]; the weight of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group [MD=-8.07, 95 %CI(-10.73,-5.40), P<0.01]; the triglyceride level in the test group was lower than that in the control group [MD=-29.05, 95% CI(-45.50, -12.71), P<0.01]. Conclusion ketogenic diet is a dietary therapy that can effectively reduce glycated hemoglobin levels, reduce body weight, and lower triglyceride levels in diabetic patients.
[Key words] Diabetes; Ketone diet; Meta-analysis
糖尿病作為一組以高血糖為特征的代謝性疾病,現在已經逐漸發展成為全球三大導致過早死亡的健康危害因素之一[1]。糖尿病的發病原因和發生機制較為復雜,其并發癥較多,且后果較為嚴重[2-3],因此糖尿病患者非常需要早期治療和早期干預。現在糖尿病的治療方式包括藥物治療、運動治療、生活方式干預、飲食治療等。盡管今年來在藥物治療方面取得了較大的進展,藥物的不良反應和潛在危害仍然使得人們對藥物治療的安全性保持很大的警惕。非藥物治療方案也逐漸受到人們的歡迎,比如采用低碳水化合物、高脂肪、適量蛋白質組成的生酮飲食(ketogenic diet)治療。生酮飲食作為難治性癲癇[4-5](refractory epilepsy,RE)疾病的非藥物治療方式之一,已有近百年的應用歷史。……