項(xiàng)濤 雷慧 黃志明 林土坤 戴小敏 譚綺瓊 胡波 劉芳

[摘 要] 問(wèn)卷調(diào)查800例粵西地區(qū)基層的老年消化道出血患者,分析其中部分患者通過(guò)牧牛出診長(zhǎng)期看病及咨詢(xún)獲益的教育價(jià)值。結(jié)論表明,通過(guò)牧牛出診長(zhǎng)期看病及咨詢(xún)教育可以減少老年患者消化道出血年住院次數(shù),牧牛出診具有早期預(yù)防及診治老年患者消化道出血的價(jià)值。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 牧牛出診;粵西地區(qū);基層;老年患者;消化道出血;早期預(yù)防;價(jià)值
[基金項(xiàng)目] 佛山市衛(wèi)生局醫(yī)學(xué)科研立項(xiàng)課題(2014208);中國(guó)老年醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)2018年支持項(xiàng)目
[作者簡(jiǎn)介] 項(xiàng)濤(1979—),男,湖北黃岡人,碩士,廣東省吳川市人民醫(yī)院副主任醫(yī)師,研究方向:消化道腫瘤。
[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)] R57? ? ?[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ?[文章編號(hào)] 1674-9324(2020)19-0108-02? ? ? [收稿日期] 2020-01-03
新時(shí)代與眾不同的牧牛出診為老年人提供半公益性質(zhì)的帶有執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師建議的社會(huì)關(guān)懷,通過(guò)解決社會(huì)痛點(diǎn)培育一種適合新時(shí)代中國(guó)國(guó)情的快捷醫(yī)療消費(fèi)的商業(yè)模式。本研究通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查800例粵西地區(qū)基層的老年消化道出血患者,分析其中部分患者通過(guò)牧牛出診長(zhǎng)期看病及咨詢(xún)獲益的教育價(jià)值。
一、資料與方法
1.一般資料。問(wèn)卷調(diào)查800例粵西地區(qū)基層的老年消化道出血患者,問(wèn)卷詢(xún)問(wèn)其是否通過(guò)牧牛出診長(zhǎng)期看病及咨詢(xún)。
2.方法。分為兩組:通過(guò)牧牛出診長(zhǎng)期看病及咨詢(xún)組,203例;從未通過(guò)牧牛出診看病及咨詢(xún)組,597例。
3.統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理。采用SPSS16.0軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析運(yùn)算。計(jì)量資料用x±s表示,計(jì)數(shù)資料用率表示,用卡方檢驗(yàn)。組與組之間比較采Mann-Whitney檢驗(yàn)、t檢驗(yàn)。以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
二、結(jié)果
203例老年消化道出血患者通過(guò)牧牛出診長(zhǎng)期看病及咨詢(xún),平均年齡56.2歲,平均年住院1次;597例老年消化道出血患者從未通過(guò)牧牛出診看病及咨詢(xún),平均年齡55.7歲,平均年住院3次,差異均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見(jiàn)下表。
三、討論
新時(shí)代的牧牛出診只服務(wù)于全國(guó)縣城及小城鎮(zhèn)的上門(mén)出診,不提供遠(yuǎn)程咨詢(xún);不提供藥品及器械銷(xiāo)售。利用醫(yī)生的閑暇時(shí)間為方圓三公里范圍內(nèi)的鄰居提供執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師的上門(mén)出診服務(wù)。不著重于一次性治療,而是集合檢查、診斷、醫(yī)務(wù)關(guān)懷、用藥調(diào)整、知識(shí)普及、健康建議等為一體的上門(mén)出診[1]。提供保險(xiǎn)、本地服務(wù)團(tuán)隊(duì)24小時(shí)待命協(xié)助,3小時(shí)內(nèi)到達(dá)所有城市的律師團(tuán)隊(duì),無(wú)論醫(yī)生遇到任何問(wèn)題都有專(zhuān)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)接手解決。在出診過(guò)程中獲得的老年人健康數(shù)據(jù),生活及心理狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)為國(guó)家和相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)制定政策提供最準(zhǔn)確的分析依據(jù)[2]。符合國(guó)家和社會(huì)的希望:更高效、更和諧、除了治病救人還可以提供社會(huì)關(guān)懷的模式參與到醫(yī)改體系[3]。
即使最簡(jiǎn)單的疾病也需要醫(yī)生提供建議以減少過(guò)度用藥和濫用藥,讓醫(yī)生的作用發(fā)揮得更加完美[4]。老年患者專(zhuān)業(yè)醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)貧乏,生活、飲食稍微不注意,就有可能將小病拖成大病,例如消化性潰瘍很常見(jiàn),平時(shí)醫(yī)生定期上門(mén)檢查,按醫(yī)囑飲食及服藥,就可以避免出現(xiàn)消化道出血導(dǎo)致住院等嚴(yán)重情況[5]。本研究首次揭示:通過(guò)牧牛出診長(zhǎng)期看病及咨詢(xún)可以減少老年患者消化道出血年住院次數(shù),牧牛出診具有早期預(yù)防及診治老年患者消化道出血的教育價(jià)值。
參考文獻(xiàn)
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[2]KN Dainty,MB Seaton,IR Drennan,et al.Home Visit-Based Community Paramedicine and Its Potential Role in Improving Patient-Centered Primary Care:A Grounded Theory Study and Framework.Health Services Research,2018.
[3]MA Simon,AT Samaras,NJ Nonzee,et al.Patient Navigators:Agents of Creating Community-Nested Patient-Centered Medical Homes for Cancer Care:[J].Clinical Medicine Insights Womens Health,2016(9):27-33.
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Educational Value of Mu Niu Internet Health Care for Early Prevention and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
in Western Guangdong
XIANG Tao1, LEI Hui1, HUANG Zhi-ming1,LIN Tu-kun1,DAI Xiao-min1,TAN Qi-qiong2, HU Bo3,
LIU Fang4
(1.Department of Internal Medicine, Wuchuan People's Hospital,Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524500,China; 2. Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Gaoming People's Hospital of Guangdong Medical College,F(xiàn)oshan, Guangdong 528500,China;
3. Department of Chemotherapy, Cancer Hospital,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310022,China;
4. College of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
Abstract: In order to analyze the value of patients' benefiting from long-term visits and consultation from Mu Niu Internet Health Care, a questionnaire survey is conducted among 800 elderly patients with gastrointestinal bleeding in western Guangdong. It is concluded that the long term medical treatment and consultation of Mu Niu Internet Health Care can reduce the number of annual hospitalization in the elderly patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, and it is of great value of early prevention and treatment of elderly patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.
Key words: Mu Niu Internet Health Care; western Guangdong; the basic level; elderly patients; gastrointestinal bleeding; early prevention; value