


摘? 要 從能量傳遞方向角度,對比分析可逆直流橋式PWM調速系統和可逆直流V-M調速系統四象限運行時功率器件和電機的狀態。首先獨立分析兩種系統的直流電源主電路形式和四象限運行狀況;之后對比給出不同狀態時兩類系統功率器件的對應關系,給出直流PWM變換器的整流和逆變狀態;最后利用正向輕載運行狀態對結果進行驗證,得到的結論有利于教學過程中學生對兩類系統的深入理解。
關鍵詞 可逆直流調速系統;四象限運行;電機;PWM變換器
中圖分類號:G642? ? 文獻標識碼:B
文章編號:1671-489X(2020)04-0120-03
Comparing Analysis of Power Devices in Two-type Reversible DC Speed Regulating Systems//JIANG Chundong
Abstract From the view of direction of energy transfer, the state of?the power device and the motor in the four quadrant operation of two-type reversible DC speed regulating systems, the reversible DC bri-dge PWM system and the reversible DC V-M system, is compared and analyzed. Firstly, analyze the main power circuit forms and the?four quadrant running status of the above two kinds system indepen-dently. Then give the corresponding relationship between them in different states, and define the rectification and inverter of the DC?PWM converter. Finally, test the above results by analyzing the posi-tive light load running state.? The conclusion is helpful for students to understand the two kinds of systems in teaching process.
Key words reversible DC speed regulating system; four quadrant operation; motor; PWM converter
1 引言
可逆直流V-M調速系統中,由兩組晶閘管為直流電動機供電,每組晶閘管都有兩種工作狀態,實現能量的雙向傳輸:整流狀態是把交流電變成直流電,能量由交流電網向直流電路輸送;逆變狀態是將直流電變成交流電,能量由直流電路回饋給交流電網[1-2]。
可逆直流PWM調速系統中,對直流PWM變換器而言,能量也能雙向傳輸:或由電機側向電源側輸送,或由電源側向電機側輸送。然而電機側和電源側都是直流,不好用“整流”和“逆變”對其定義,但同可逆直流V-M系統相比,二者大有相似之處。如果僅從能量方向角度定義“整流”和“逆變”,將可逆V-M系統的晶閘管狀態分析過程對比用來分析直流PWM變換器,一是比較有趣,二是通過對比學習,可以使學生更深入地理解直流PWM變換器在不同工作狀態時的工作過程及原理。
2 直流V-M系統四象限運行時晶閘管狀態分析
可逆直流V-M調速系統中,直流電源是由兩組晶閘管反并聯形成的,如圖1所示[1]:正組晶閘管VF為電動機提供正向電流,反組晶閘管VR為電動機提供反向電流。……