腹腔鏡手術對胃腸腫瘤患者營養(yǎng)狀況及術后并發(fā)癥的影響

覃巨林

【摘要】 目的：對比分析腹腔鏡手術及開腹手術對胃腸腫瘤患者營養(yǎng)狀況及術后并發(fā)癥的影響。方法：選擇筆者所在醫(yī)院2017年1月-2019年6月收治的90例胃腸腫瘤患者作為研究對象，按照隨機數(shù)字表法將其分成對照組和研究組，每組45例。對照組采用傳統(tǒng)開腹手術治療，研究組采用腹腔鏡手術治療。比較兩組手術前后白蛋白、前白蛋白水平、術后營養(yǎng)狀況合格率及術后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率。結果：手術前，兩組白蛋白、前白蛋白水平比較差異均無統(tǒng)計學意義（P>0.05）。手術后，研究組白蛋白、前白蛋白水平、術后營養(yǎng)狀況合格率均顯著高于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。研究組術后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率顯著低于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。結論：胃腸腫瘤患者采用腹腔鏡手術治療，不僅能有效改善患者營養(yǎng)狀況，還能降低其術后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率，從而有助于預后恢復。

【關鍵詞】 腹腔鏡手術 胃腸腫瘤 營養(yǎng)狀況

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.16.058 文獻標識碼 B 文章編號 1674-6805（2020）16-0-03

Effect of Laparoscopic Surgery on Nutritional Status and Postoperative Complications of Gastrointestinal Tumor Patients/QIN Julin. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research， 2020， 18（16）： -144

[Abstract] Objective： To compare and analysis the effect of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery on the nutritional status and postoperative complications of gastrointestinal tumor patients. Method： A total of 90 patients with gastrointestinal tumor admitted in our hospital from January 2017 to June 2019 were selected as research objects and randomly divided into the control group and the study group by random number table method， with 45 case in each group. The control group was treated with traditional open surgery. The study group was treated with laparoscopic surgery. The albumin and prealbumin levels before and after surgery， postoperative nutritional status qualified rate and incidence of postoperative complication were compared between the two groups. Result： Before surgery， there were no significant differences in albumin and prealbumin levels between the two groups （P>0.05）. After surgery， the albumin and prealbumin levels， and postoperative nutritional status qualified rate of the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The incidence of postoperative complications in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion： Laparoscopic surgery treatment for gastrointestinal tumor patients can not only effectively improve the nutritional status of patients， but also reduce the incidence of postoperative complications， thus contributing to the recovery of prognosis.

[Key words] Laparoscopic surgery Gastrointestinal tumors Nutritional status

First-authors address： Pingguo County Peoples Hospital， Pingguo 531400， China

胃腸腫瘤是腫瘤科常見的疾病類型之一，這類疾病不僅會影響患者身心健康和生活質量，甚至會對其生命安全構成嚴重威脅。因此，需盡早采取有效方案對患者進行治療，才能改善其預后[1]。目前，手術是臨床治療胃腸腫瘤的主要手段，常用的術式有開腹手術、腹腔鏡手術等，傳統(tǒng)開腹手術雖能有效清除病灶，控制患者病情進展。但是，其手術創(chuàng)傷較大，術后易引發(fā)患者機體出現(xiàn)劇烈的疼痛和較多的并發(fā)癥，而劇烈疼痛又易影響脂肪代謝及蛋白質合成，從而加重患者消化道癥狀，誘發(fā)其出現(xiàn)營養(yǎng)不良[2]。腹腔鏡手術則是近年來臨床廣泛開展的微創(chuàng)術式，其具有創(chuàng)傷小、并發(fā)癥少、術后恢復快等眾多優(yōu)勢。本文主要對比分析腹腔鏡及開腹手術治療胃腸腫瘤對患者營養(yǎng)狀況及術后并發(fā)癥的影響，現(xiàn)報告如下。