肺康復護理在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者中的應用效果

熊春燕

[關鍵詞] 慢性阻塞性肺疾病;急性加重期;肺康復護理;肺功能;護理效果

[中圖分類號] R473.6? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701（2021）19-0168-04

Application effect of pulmonary rehabilitation nursing in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

XIONG Chunyan

Department of Thoracic Surgery， Jiangxi Cancer Hospital， Nanchang? ?330000， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of pulmonary rehabilitation nursing in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）. Methods Eighty-six patients with acute exacerbation of COPD who were admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to April 2019 were selected as the research objects and were given different nursing measures according to admission time. Patients admitted from March 2017 to March 2018 were given conventional care and were included in the basic group （43 cases）. Patients admitted from April 2018 to April 2019 were given conventional + pulmonary rehabilitation care and were included in the rehabilitation group （43 cases）. The pulmonary function indexes [forced vital capacity （FVC）， forced expiratory volume in 1 second （FEV1）]， 6-minute walking distance （6MWD）， dyspnea （CAT）， and quality of life scale （GQOL-74） of the two groups were analyzed. Results After nursing， the levels of FVC （2.83±1.02）L and FEV1 （1.97±0.62）L in the rehabilitation group were higher than those [（1.69±0.92） L and （1.20±0.50）L] in the basic group （t=2.152， P=0.028; t=2.404， P=0.015）; the 6MWD （342.77±24.99）m was longer than that [（280.19±22.44）m] of the basic group （t=4.822， P=0.001）; the CAT score （12.44±1.01）points was lower than that [（16.33±1.51）points] of the basic group （t=7.082， P=0.001）; the GQOL-74 score （82.33±3.76） points of the rehabilitation group was higher than that [（70.25±3.47） points] of the basic group（t=6.621， P=0.001）. Conclusion The application of pulmonary rehabilitation nursing intervention in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD can effectively improve their pulmonary function， increase 6MWD， reduce their dyspnea symptoms， and improve their quality of life.

[Key words] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Acute exacerbation period; Pulmonary rehabilitation nursing; Pulmonary function; Nursing effect

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（Chronic obstructive pulmo-nary disease，COPD）為系統性、全身性疾病，以不完全可逆的氣流受限為特點，其反復發作會造成患者肺功能下降，可分為穩定期、急性加重期兩大類[1]。COPD患者病情處于急性加重期時，會出現焦慮、消瘦、疲乏等臨床癥狀，而在目前的醫療手段中，臨床通常選擇通過代償性的呼吸肌活動改善急性加重期患者病情，促進肺功能恢復。近年來，亦有研究表明[2-3]，在常規治療基礎上輔以肺康復護理能夠有效改善COPD急性加重期患者的肺功能，減輕其呼吸困難癥狀，提高運動耐力，減少急性發作次數，有效延緩病情。鑒于此，筆者對我院收治的86例COPD急性加重期患者進行分組研究，以探討肺康復護理的應用效果及其對患者肺功能的影響，現報道如下。