貴州省水資源承載力的研究

楊青青 劉平清

摘?要：水資源承載力是影響社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展速度和規(guī)模的重要因素。雖然貴州省內(nèi)有長江和珠江兩大水系，且水量非常的大，但是由于受喀斯特地貌生長的影響，其水資源承載力有待我們研究。首先，利用因子分析進行降維;其次，再利用TOPSIS法進行綜合評價計算出最優(yōu)接近程度并進行排序;最后，得出2007～2017年貴州省水資源承載力的情況。結(jié)果表明：生產(chǎn)總值、地下水資源量和當年治理水土流失面積是極大影響貴州省水資源承載力的主要因素。則本文建議提高用水的重復頻率、引入植樹造林以防止水土流失和改善水體系與水市場等相關(guān)方法，為了推動貴州省經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，節(jié)約用水和對水資源進行有效的保護是非常有必要的。

關(guān)鍵詞：水資源承載力;貴州省;因子分析法;TOPSIS法;綜合評價

中圖分類號：F222;F064.1??文獻標識碼：A

Comprehensive?evaluation

of?water?resources?carrying?capacity?in?Guizhou?Province

Yang?Qingqing?Liu?Pingqing*

School?of?economics?and?management，Liupanshui?Normal?University?GuizhouLiupanshui?553004

Abstract：Water?resources?play?a?very?important?role?in?the?balance?of?economic?development?and?economical?environment.Although?there?are?two?major?water?systems?in?Guizhou?Province，the?Yangtze?River?and?the?Pearl?River，and?the?amount?of?water?is?very?large，but?due?to?the?impact?of?the?growth?of?first?landlord，the?water?resources?carrying?capacity?needs?to?be?studied.Firstly，the?dimensionality?is?reduced?by?factor?analysis?method.Secondly，the?topsis?method?is?used?for?comprehensive?evaluation?to?calculate?the?optical?proximity?degree?and?order?it.Finally，the?water?resources?carrying?capacity?of?Guizhou?Province?from?2007?to?2017?is?obtained.The?results?show?that?the?gross?domestic?product，the?amount?of?groundwater?resources?and?the?area?of?soil?and?water?loss?under?control?are?the?main?factors?that?greatly?affect?the?water?resource?carrying?capacity?of?Guizhou?Province.In?order?to?ensure?the?sustainable?development?of?the?economy?in?Guizhou?Province，it?is?necessary?to?save?water?and?protect?water?resources?effectively.