ABSTRACTS

Pursuing Effective Demand to Lead Supply and Thereby Create Demand with High-Level Supply——Study of Xi’s Discussion on the Benign Interaction between Supply and Demand in Macroeconomic Governance Liu Wei（4）

Abstract：Studying Xi’s macroeconomic governance， especially his discussion of the benign interaction between supply and demand， will help us put in context China’s macroeconomic governance and macro-control policies. It will also help deepen our understanding of and consciously follow the objective economic laws of the new era. This course of action has important theoretical and practical significance for accelerating the construction of new， high-quality development patterns. In the face of such imbalances as insufficient demand for economic development，“Let the two approaches of deepening supply-side structural reform and expanding effective demand work together”is an important law that will help us to do economic work well in the new era. At present， to realize the needed synergy， policy orientation must focus on effective demand that leads supply and creates demand with high-level supply. To achieve this goal， policy efforts should focus on formulation and transmission mechanisms， governance mechanisms， and institutional foundations so macroeconomic governance and policy regulation will become more effective.

Keywords：macroeconomic governance；equilibrium between supply and demand；supply-side structural reform；effective demand；benign interaction

Special Work Team：New-style Deliberative and Coordinating Agency in China Liu Peng and Liu Zhipeng（13）

Abstract：Max Weber’s suggestion that bureaucracy originates from modern society has some shortcomings， such as institution design deficiency and an inability to respond to social transitions. Therefore， as China’s new type of deliberative and coordinating agency， the Special Work Team can be found at various levels of the Party and governments. It promotes inter-departmental cooperation" and responds to exernal uncertainties. The Team attends to policy implementation promotion and accomplishing governance tasks by targeting individual responsibility and focusing government attention. This article defines the Special Work Team concept， clarifies its main types， and analyzes the academic discussion around the concept. From the perspective of comparative study， the characteristics and mechanisms of the Special Work Team concept were analyzed through a summary of" debates from current research. From the perspective of bureaucracy， this paper provides an analytical framework to investigate the functions and mechanisms of the Special Work Team in optimizing the hierarchical system. Finally， the future of Special Work Team research is described.

Keywords：special work team；attention allocation；hierarchy；chinese path to modernization

Policy Experimentation： An Important Mechanism in Chinese Public PolicyHuang Biao（23）

Abstract：Policy experimentation is a crucial mechanism deeply rooted in China’s public policy system， standing as one of the keywords in China’s contemporary public administration. Experimentation-based policy processes in China significantly differ from the processes in Western countries， as it bypasses extensive policy discussions regarding agenda setting and scheme selection. The government authorizes selected localities to practice a new policy on a trial basis before its formal implementation. The appropriateness of vague policy objectives are examined as instruments are explored and pathways investigated to achieve policy goals. Policy experimentation reduces the possibility of policy disputes leading to unresolved issues and decreases the adjustment costs and potential risks of implementaiton. It has become a vital source of adaptability in Chinese public policy. Although policy experimentation may not yield the expected results， China’s current structural conditions and institutional foundations support its overall effectiveness. In pursuit of building China’s independent public administration knowledge base， further research should clarify the concept of policy experimentation， reveal the multiple logics behind it， and construct principles for conducting policy experimentation.

Keywords： public policy; policy experimentation; pilot; independent knowledge system

Externalizing Effect and Risk Governance of the Grassroots Smart Governance under the Leadership of the Communist Party of China Fang Lei and Yang Sihan（33）

Abstract：The grassroots smart governance under the leadership of the Communist Party of China （CPC） is an important way to accelerate the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity. It is also necessary to" continue evolve through the information age and" rejuvenate the Chinese nation through modernization. This governance practice shows the externalization effect of smart governance subjects， the mobility of smart governance behaviors， the commonality of smart governance platforms， and the integration of smart governance services. However， it also shows the risk of technological dependence from “simplification” to “reduction”， the risk of technological alienation from “empowerment” to “negative energy”， and the risk of information formality from “quality improvement” to “performance improvement”. At present， the Party’s leadership will guide the rational return of grassroots smart governance values， the drive among the cadres and masses for smart governance synchronization， the multi-dimensional technology integration to build grassroots smart governance integration platforms， the improvements to the system to effectively guarantee the order of grassroots smart governance， and the joint promotion of grassroots governance towards a new era of wisdom.

Keywords：grassroots smart governance; externalization effect; potential risk; optimization path.

The Chinese Logic of Breaking Through the Bureaucratic Dilemma：Building a New Type of National Governance Structure Under the Comprehensive Leadership of the CPCYe Zipeng（47）

Abstract： Since the founding of People’s Republic of China， the Communist Party of China （CPC） has constructed a set of national governance structures different from that of China of the West. It has made substantial progress in exploring the application， transformation， and transcendence of the traditional bureaucracy. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC， and especially in the past five years， the overall leadership of the CPC over the national governance structure is an important fulcrum to promote the modernization of the nation’s governance system and governance capability. This has helped achieve a high degree of mutual consistency between the logic of governing the party and the logic of governing the country， thereby surpassing the traditional bureaucratic governance model， and fully stimulating the direction of modern governance energy contained in the Chinese system. The new national governance structure under the CPC is the organizational support for realizing the dialectical unity of politics and administration in the process of China’s modernization of national governance. Through the “political” leadership advantage， it effectively curbs the “dysfunction” of “administration”， opening up a new way to eliminate the formalism and bureaucracy problems associated with bureaucracy.

Keywords：bureaucratic system; Chinese logic; national governance structure; institutional reform; the comprehensive leadership of the party

Value co-creation： Reshaping the implementation mechanism of digital empowerment in social governanceCao Haijun and Xiong Zhiqiang（62）

Abstract：In the digital age， technology brings new opportunities for improving governance efficiency. However， fully leveraging digital technology and maximizing public value has become the key to the modernization of governance systems. But， there remains a cognitive divide in the effectiveness of digital empowerment in social governance and tension between theoretical assumptions and empirical evidence. By reviewing the effectiveness measurement and generation logic of digital technology empowerment governance， based on the theoretical perspective of value cocreation， this paper elaborates on the value consensus mechanism， value symbiosis mechanism， and value increase mechanism to enhance the effectiveness of digital technology. Future research approaches are proposed around the interaction between mechanisms， the improvement of digital empowerment governance effectiveness， and the identification of contingency factors that affect the effectiveness of digital empowerment governance.

Keywords： digital empowerment；value co-creation；governance effectiveness；public value

Value Co-destruction ： Understanding the New Perspective of Technology Governance——A Case Study of Smart Community Governance in S CityWand Huanming and Zhen Keqing（75）

Abstract：Technology governance has become a new governance mode in more and more cities， but value co-destruction problems also appear in the current governance. This paper takes the smart community construction in S city as an example. Through the grounded theory analysis of 20 sub-district interviews， we found that technology governance was influenced by three factors of the triangle strategic model： value objectives， legitimacy and support， and operational capacity， as well as matching supply and demand and resolving conflicts among actors. These five factors were then used to construct the value co-destruction framework. Therefore， in smart governance， we should accurately identify the characteristics of supply and demand parties， set consistent and clear action goals， provide full organizational support， maintain a high level of operation capacity， and deal with the conflicts in the cooperation.

Keywords：technology governance；digital governance; value co-destruction；smart community; the triangle strategic model

The Influence Mechanism and Practical Path of Common Prosperity in Rural Areas——An Investigation of 80 Villages in common prosperity unions in Hangzhou， Zhejiang ProvinceXu Yueqian" and Chen Lan（92）

Abstract： Promoting common prosperity in rural areas is an important part of achieving common prosperity for all people. Stimulating rural endogenous power is the key to continuously promoting common prosperity. Such development has become the core issue of the modernization of rural governance. Among the first 80 villages" in the common prosperity unions in Hangzhou， factors such as party building， capable people， industry， and culture were important variables affecting the realization of common prosperity through the mixed method of NCA and QCA. Despite the multitude of variables， common prosperity through endogenous development can be characterized as four" “different paths”： partner collaboration， cultural identity， industrial integration and comprehensive development， and the generation of rural internal power. However， the changes in endogenous mechanisms are alternating and dynamically evolving. Therefore， measures must be adjusted to local conditions and integrated with local resources， geographic features， and other conditions. It is also necessary to consider the spatial layout， the characteristics of the differentiation development path， and the acceleration" of brand-building. This will enrich the theoretical research of rural common prosperity as well as provide useful enlightenment for other regions to choose matching rural endogenous development strategies.

Keywords：rural areas′common prosperity;endogenous development;practice path; configuration analysis

Consensus Driven， Actor Absorption， and Open Empowerment： Rethinking Relationships among Multiple Actors in Collaborative GovernanceMen Lixiang，Ma Liang and Luo Fei（109）

Abstract：The concept of collaborative governance， originating in the West， has become an important component of China’s social governance discourse system. However， the unequal status of diverse actors in practice has also raised doubts in the academic community about its local applicability. Previous studies have generally attributed this issue to differences in social relations and governance contexts between Chinese and foreign countries， but there is a lack of reflection on the theory of collaborative governance itself. To control for situational differences， this article directly takes the collaborative governance practice in Scotland as a case study and finds that even in the developed West， social entities still have limited equal status and decision-making power in a government led collaborative governance system. Through consensus driven， actor absorption and open empowerment， the Scottish Government has completed the integration of multiple actor governance forces. This mechanism design is based on factors such as endogenous motivation， mature ability， and inclusive environment， which in turn further act on these factors. Based on this theoretical reflection， the emphasis on equal status among actors in collaborative governance cannot exceed the basic collaborative principle of equal rights and responsibilities. Multiple actors can only obtain positions and decision-making power that match their governance capabilities. As the main body that aggregates the expression of the will of the majority of the people and transfers power， the government cannot and should not essentially withdraw from the center of the social governance system at this stage. Compared to continuing to persist in conceptual debates， the theoretical and practical communities should shift their focus to the mechanism design and enabling factors that truly reflect the relationship between multiple actors. The construction， cultivation， and interaction between the two are the key to the collaborative governance.

Keywords：collaborative governance; multiple actors relationship;consensus driven; actor absorption;open empowerment

Burden-sharing and Cognition-integration：An Exploratory Study on the Influencing Mechanism of Petition Social WorkLin Baoyi（126）

Abstract：The supply-demand mismatch in the petition system manifests the inherent contradiction between the limited provision of public services and the diverse demands of the populace. It is caused by the tension between the public sector’s pursuit of order maintenance and the public’s quest for rights and interests. However， the existing approaches to address this issue primarily focus on improving either the supply or demand side. For instance， one prevalent strategy involves designating social work organizations as governmental agents and emphasizing their efforts to alter citizens’ petitioning behaviors. This approach fails to resolve the underlying tension and places social work organizations in a professional predicament. The successful cases collected from field research illustrate the necessity of repositioning the efforts of social work organizations within the tension between the supply and demand sides. By adopting a dual role of burden-sharing and cognition-integration， social work organizations can identify the common ground between the behavioral motivations of petitioning departments and the public. This convergence aligns with petitioning departments’ objective of dispute resolution but also caters to the public’s needs. Social work organizations can resolve the supply-demand mismatch by fundamentally alleviating the tension between the supply and demand sides. As a microcosm of social governance， the petitioning social work projects show the feasibility and mechanisms of social organizations’ involvement in resolving the mismatch between the provision and demand of public services. It further offers valuable insights for exploring how diverse social resources contribute to upholding the social governance system based on collaboration， participation， and shared interests， thereby significantly enhancing the effectiveness of social governance.

Keywords： petitioning social work， social governance， public service provision，burden-sharing，cognition-integration

The Logic and Approach of the Setting of Internet Administrative Licensing mattersLin Hua and" Jin Lin（141）

Abstract：The setting of Internet administrative licensing matters in China faces multiple difficulties， such as the mismatch between the level of legal norms and the importance of licensing matters， the incompatibility between the stability of legal norms and the rapid development of the Internet， and the fragmentation of licensing matters caused by the ineffective governance of the Internet. The setting of Internet administrative licensing matters needs to respond to the substantive logic of “Why to set” and the formal logic of “How to set”. In terms of substantive logic， legislators need to distinguish between licensing matters for Internet basic services and licensing matters for “Internet Plus”， and to make a second-order judgment based on functional analyses. In terms of formal logic， there are two types of Internet administrative licensing matters： “Special” and “Cross”. Under guiding principles of subsidiarity and responsive law， licensing matters for Internet basic services and licensing for “Internet Plus” need to match the setting methods of “Special” and “Cross”， respectively， to ensure that the authority for setting licensing matters is legal and the importance of the matters is matched. This means following the principle of identity to select legal provisions that will achieve system connection between substantive administrative licensing matters and Internet administrative licensing matters.

Keywords：internet administrative license; administrative licensing matters; setting of administrative licensing; internet law